Sec. 2: Earth’s Bodies of Water  Streams and Rivers Bodies of water that flow over land Sources vary from snow melt, glacier melt, or over flowing rivers Small streams = tributaries River systems are made up of a river and its tributaries

Longest river=Nile Largest river system =Amazon Rivers drain the land around them= drainage basin  Most of the world’s early population settled along rivers rivers provide water for drinking, cleaning, source of food, energy and good for transportation and trade

Lake formation  Lakes Exist on all continents except Antarctica Often lakes were formed by the holes that glaciers gouged out of the mountain Lakes can also form when rainwater collects in huge holes created by: ○ Extinct volcanoes ○ In Rifts –large cracks in the Earth’s crust

 Manmade lake Reservoir- the lake that forms once a dam has been built on a river

Earth’s Ocean  The four oceans by size Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Artic  Land beneath the surface of the ocean Mountains Broad plains and basins Long deep valleys  Trenches are deep valleys beneath the surface Deepest is the Mariana Trench ○ 7 Miles Deep  Current-Streams of ocean water Started by the wind Move Clockwise in NH and counter clockwise in the SH

 Ocean Waves- Can Be small or very large Tidal Waves- are giant waves caused by earthquakes and severe storms  Tides- caused by the pull of the moon and sun Tides are the regular, rhythmic rise and fall of the ocean waters  Other parts of the ocean are made up of... Smaller bodies of water called seas, straits, gulfs, and bays ○ These are located around the edge of the ocean ○ They are salt water

 The water we Drink The ocean covers more than 140 Million Square miles 99% of the worlds water supply is unsafe to drink ○ Ocean water =Too salty Glaciers contain 70% of the Earth’s fresh water and we cannot access it 6% of the Earth’s fresh water is in lakes and rivers  The Water Cycle Replaces fresh water continuously