Introduction to the Use of Classic Quality Tools Presented by Dr. Joan Burtner Certified Quality Engineer Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering and Industrial Management

Seven Classic Problem-Solving Tools of Quality Check Sheet Pareto Chart Scatter Diagram Histogram Cause-and-Effect Diagram Flowchart Control Chart ISE 428 ETM 528 Spring 2016 Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 2

Classic Quality Tool 1: Check Sheet Also known as a tally sheet Helps gather data on the frequency of occurrence of particular events or defects Check sheet design often requires prior knowledge of the process Poor Performance on Statistics Exam Check Sheet SSMSJBRRGB didn't eat breakfast√ √√ not enough sleep √√ √ didn't study √ √ too many exams that day √ didn't understand topic√ √ √ poor math skills√ √ unfair test√ √√√ forgot to bring calculator √√√ ISE 428 ETM 528 Spring 2016Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 3

Classic Quality Tool 2: Pareto Chart Pareto (an 1800s Italian economist) noted that 80 percent of the wealth in Italy was held by 20 percent of the population Juran (20 th century) 80% of the variation in a process is caused by 20% of the variables ◦ 20% - vital few ◦ 80% - trivial many or useful many ISE 428 ETM 528 Spring 2016Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 4

Classic Quality Tool 2: Pareto Chart Causes are frequently documented in a check list which is used to generate a Pareto chart Managers use Pareto charts to help focus or prioritize process improvement efforts ISE 428 ETM 528 Spring 2016Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 5

Classic Quality Tool 3: Scatter Diagram Also known as an X-Y graph “Shows whether or not there is a correlation between two variables” Caution: A statistical correlation does not guarantee a direct cause and effect Linear/nonlinear Positive/negative ISE 428 ETM 528 Spring 2016Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 6

Classic Quality Tool 4: Histogram Bar graph that represents the frequency distribution of the data X-axis shows cell boundaries Y-axis shows cell frequency Shape of the bars is only a rough indication of the distribution ISE 428 ETM 528 Spring 2016Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 7

Classic Quality Tool 5: Cause-and-Effect Diagram Other names ◦ Fishbone diagram ◦ Ishikawa diagram ◦ C-E diagram Used to show the many different causes that may contribute to a problem (effect) Causes are frequently generated through brainstorming sessions ISE 428 ETM 528 Spring 2016Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 8 Methods Flat Tire Man Materials Machine

Classic Quality Tool 5: C-E Diagram Manufacturing Environment 4M Chart ◦ Man ◦ Machine ◦ Methods ◦ Materials Service Environment 4P Chart ◦ People ◦ Policies ◦ Procedures ◦ Plant ISE 428 ETM 528 Spring 2016Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 9

Classic Quality Tool 6: Flowchart Maps the sequence of steps and decision points in a process Helps group to have common understanding of the process ISE 428 ETM 528 Spring 2016Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 10 Load Wash Dry Paint Distribute Cure Scrap

Classic Quality Tool 7: Control Chart Purpose ◦ Indicates how a process behaves over time ◦ Shows when a process is being influenced by special causes Chart consists of UCL, CL, LCL, and data points Examined for nonrandom patterns ISE 428 ETM 528 Spring 2016Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slide 11

Contact Information US Mail: Mercer University School of Engineering Macon, GA Phone: (478) ISE 428 ETM 528 Spring 2016 Dr. Joan Burtner, Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Slid e 12