“A geographical line has been drawn across the union and all the States North of that line have united in the election of a man to the high office of President whose opinions and purposes are hostile to slavery”

Constitution like US but President has 6 year term Cannot levy Protective Tariff Cannot spend money on internal improvements Prohibited foreign slave trade Faced shortage of money

Constitutional Amendment to guarantee slavery in all territories south of 36 30’ (the Missouri Compromise line) Proposed by John Crittenden of Kentucky Lincoln does not pass because it will allow spread of Slavery.

General Robert E. Lee Stonewall Jackson P.G.T. Beauregard Braxton Bragg Leonidas Polk

George McClellan William Tecumesh Sherman Ulysses S. Grant Benjamin Butler Nathaniel P. Banks

Advantages Military Leadership Only must fight a defensive war Coastline hard to blockade High troop morale Enthusiastic population Knowledge of land, use of firearms States’ Rights makes it hard to organize Little industrial development No Navy No diplomatic recognition from Britain Decline of Cotton trade Weak President Disadvantages

Advantages Large population to serve, immigration Strong President, central government Established Navy Industry - 85% of factories, 70% of Railroads, 65% of farmlands Financially Secure Had to conquer huge territory Disconnected military leadership Lack of official support from Britain / France Population unenthusiastic about long war Disadvantages

Admiral David Farragut

Mason Slidell Wilkes

5 Civilized Tribes largely support Confederacy Many are Slaveholders Other tribes split between Union and Confederacy

“If you don’t want to use the Army, I should like to borrow it for a while”