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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Resources Chapter Presentation Image Bank Math Focus Bellringers Standards Assessment Visual Concepts

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Properties of Matter Table of Contents Section 1 What Is Matter? Section 2 Physical Properties Section 3 Chemical Properties

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Chapter 3 Bellringer Look at the two similarly sized objects at the front of the room. One is cube-shaped and one is irregularly shaped. How could you determine the amount of space that each object occupies? How could you test this hypothesis? Write your answers in your Science Journal.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Chapter 3 What You Will Learn All matter has volume and mass. Volume is the amount of space taken up by an object. Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object. Weight is a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Chapter 3 Matter Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter can be described in terms of its volume, mass, and weight.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Chapter 3 Matter and Volume The amount of space that an object occupies is known as volume. Volume is a measure of the size of a body or region in three-dimensional space. The liter (L) is the SI unit for volume.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Chapter 3 Matter and Volume, continued The meniscus is the curve at a liquid’s surface. For most liquids, volume should be measured from the lowest point of the meniscus. The volume of any solid object is expressed in cubic units.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Chapter 3 Matter and Volume, continued Cubic meters (m 3 ) and cubic centimeters (cm 3 ) are the units used for the volume of solid things. To find the volume of regularly shaped objects, use formulas. For example, to find the volume of a cube or another rectangular object, multiply the length times the width times the height.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Chapter 3 Matter and Volume, continued The process of pushing water out of the way is called displacement. To find the volume of an irregularly shaped solid object, use water displacement. The volume of water displaced by an object is equal to the object’s volume.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Properties of Matter Chapter 3 Measuring the Volume of Liquids

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Chapter 3 Matter and Mass Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object. The terms mass and weight do not mean the same thing. Weight is a measure of the gravitational force on an object. An object’s weight can change depending on its location in the universe.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Chapter 3 Matter and Mass, continued The SI unit for mass is the kilogram (kg). Weight is expressed in newtons (N).

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Properties of Matter Chapter 3

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Chapter 3 Bellringer Read the definition of density on page 85 in your textbook. Find examples in the classroom of objects that have a small amount of matter in a given space, and objects that have a large amount of matter in a given space. Write your answers in your Science Journal.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Chapter 3 What You Will Learn Examples of physical properties are melting temperature, density, hardness, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity. Density is the amount of matter in a given space or volume. A physical change does not change the identity of the matter that undergoes the change. Melting, freezing, cutting, bending, and dissolving are physical changes.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Chapter 3 Identifying Physical Properties A physical property of matter is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity. Examples of physical properties are melting temperature, density, hardness, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Chapter 3 Identifying Physical Properties, continued Density is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance. The units most often used for density are grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm 3 ) for solids and grams per milliliter for liquids.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Chapter 3 Identifying Physical Properties, continued The density of a given substance remains the same no matter how much of the substance you have. Density can be used to identify substances because the density of a substance is constant at a given pressure and temperature.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Chapter 3 Identifying Physical Properties, continued Knowing the density of a substance can tell you if the substance will float or sink in water. If the density of an object is less than the density of water, the object will float. An object whose density is greater than the density of water will sink.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Properties of Matter Chapter 3

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Chapter 3 Physical Changes: No New Substances A physical change is a change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties. Physical changes include dissolving, cutting, bending, freezing, and melting. Physical changes do not change the identity of the matter.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Chapter 3 Bellringer Look at Figure 1 on page 90 in your textbook. The rust shown in Figure 1 is formed when iron and oxygen interact chemically. What do you think the word “interact” means in this context? Write your answer in your Science Journal.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Chapter 3 What You Will Learn Examples of chemical properties are reactivity and flammability. A chemical change is the process by which a substance changes into a new substance. Chemical changes usually liberate or absorb heat.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Chapter 3 Identifying Chemical Properties A chemical property describes the ability of a substance to change into a new substance. Reactivity and flammability are chemical properties. Chemical properties are not as easy to observe as physical properties.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Properties of Matter Chapter 3 Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Chapter 3 Chemical Changes and New Substances A chemical change is a change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties. Chemical changes and chemical properties are not the same. Chemical changes are processes by which substances change into new substances. Chemical properties describe which chemical changes can and cannot happen to that substance.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Chapter 3 Chemical Changes and New Substances, continued The signs of a chemical change include a change in color or odor, fizzing and foaming, sound or light being given off, and changes in temperature. When matter undergoes a chemical change, its identity changes. So most chemical changes are irreversible.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Properties of Matter Chapter 3

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Chapter 3 Physical Versus Chemical Changes Composition is the type of matter that makes up the object and the arrangement of the matter in the object. Physical changes do not change matter’s composition. Chemical changes do alter matter’s composition.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Chapter 3 Physical Versus Chemical Changes, continued Many physical changes are easily reversed. They do not change the composition of the substance. Most chemical changes are not easily reversed.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Properties of Matter Chapter 3 Comparing Physical and Chemical Changes

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Properties of Matter Use the terms below to complete the concept map on the next slide. weight milliliters mass cubic centimeters matter volume gravity Concept Map

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Properties of Matter Chapter 3 Concept Map

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Properties of Matter Chapter 3 Concept Map

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Properties of Matter Chapter 3 End of Chapter 3 Show

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 1.Which of the following words is the closest in meaning to “size”? A.amount B.density C.volume D.mass

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 1.Which of the following words is the closest in meaning to “size”? A.amount B.density C.volume D.mass

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 2.In the sentence “The process of burning wood liberates heat,” what does the word liberates mean? A.steals B.releases C.creates D.imitates

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 2.In the sentence “The process of burning wood liberates heat,” what does the word liberates mean? A.steals B.releases C.creates D.imitates

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 3.In the sentence “Ash is formed by the chemical reaction between wood and fire,” what does the term chemical reaction mean? A.a process that changes the molecular composition of a substance B.a process of igniting something, burning it, and recording the results C.a process that affects the appearance but not the molecular structure D.a process of using chemicals to break down molecular structures

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 3.In the sentence “Ash is formed by the chemical reaction between wood and fire,” what does the term chemical reaction mean? A.a process that changes the molecular composition of a substance B.a process of igniting something, burning it, and recording the results C.a process that affects the appearance but not the molecular structure D.a process of using chemicals to break down molecular structures

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 4.In the sentence “Density is a physical property,” what does the term physical mean? A.having to do with chemicals B.having to do with volume C.having to do with the body D.having to do with matter

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 4.In the sentence “Density is a physical property,” what does the term physical mean? A.having to do with chemicals B.having to do with volume C.having to do with the body D.having to do with matter

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 5.Which physical property of an object can be determined by dividing its mass by its volume? A.weight B.density C.ductility D.state

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 5.Which physical property of an object can be determined by dividing its mass by its volume? A.weight B.density C.ductility D.state

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 6.What is the volume of the solid pictured below? A.12 cm 2 B.12 cm 3 C.36 cm 2 D.36 cm 3

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 6.What is the volume of the solid pictured below? A.12 cm 2 B.12 cm 3 C.36 cm 2 D.36 cm 3

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 7.Which of the following is a chemical property that describes copper? A.conductive B.ductile C.soluble D.reactive

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 7.Which of the following is a chemical property that describes copper? A.conductive B.ductile C.soluble D.reactive

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 8.Which of the following describes signs that a chemical change is occurring? A.A substance changes shape or state. B.A substance gives off or absorbs heat. C.A substance is dense and malleable. D.A substance is flammable and reactive.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 8.Which of the following describes signs that a chemical change is occurring? A.A substance changes shape or state. B.A substance gives off or absorbs heat. C.A substance is dense and malleable. D.A substance is flammable and reactive.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment Use the table below to answer the next question.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 9.A solid sample has a mass of 22.5 g and displaces 30 mL of water. Use the table above to determine which sentence best describes the solid sample. A.It is denser than mercury. B.It is less dense than water. C.It is less dense than helium. D.It is denser than zinc.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 9.A solid sample has a mass of 22.5 g and displaces 30 mL of water. Use the table above to determine which sentence best describes the solid sample. A.It is denser than mercury. B.It is less dense than water. C.It is less dense than helium. D.It is denser than zinc.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 10.Substances can undergo physical changes or chemical changes. What is the difference between these two kinds of changes? A.A chemical change can often be undone, and a physical change cannot. B.A physical change cannot be observed easily, and a chemical change can. C.A chemical change affects only the physical properties of a substance. A physical change D.A physical change does not affect the identity of a substance. A chemical change changes the molecular structure of a substance.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 10.Substances can undergo physical changes or chemical changes. What is the difference between these two kinds of changes? A.A chemical change can often be undone, and a physical change cannot. B.A physical change cannot be observed easily, and a chemical change can. C.A chemical change affects only the physical properties of a substance. A physical change D.A physical change does not affect the identity of a substance. A chemical change changes the molecular structure of a substance.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 11.Which physical property can you use to determine if a substance will float in water? A.density B.volume C.malleability D.conductivity

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 11.Which physical property can you use to determine if a substance will float in water? A.density B.volume C.malleability D.conductivity

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 12.What properties do the metals aluminum, copper, silver, and gold have in common? A.They conduct heat and electricity well. B.They are brittle and do not bend easily. C.They do not chemically react. D.They are liquid at room temperature.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 12.What properties do the metals aluminum, copper, silver, and gold have in common? A.They conduct heat and electricity well. B.They are brittle and do not bend easily. C.They do not chemically react. D.They are liquid at room temperature.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 13.A student pours a material through a filter. Some particles get caught in the filter and some pass through. This material can be best described as a A.nonmetal. B.mixture. C.metal. D.compound.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 13.A student pours a material through a filter. Some particles get caught in the filter and some pass through. This material can be best described as a A.nonmetal. B.mixture. C.metal. D.compound.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 14.Which of the following sentences best describes table salt, NaCl? A.Table salt is a compound made from two gases. B.Table salt is a compound made from a solid and a liquid. C.Table salt is a compound made from two metals. D.Table salt is a compound made from a metal and a nonmetal.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 14.Which of the following sentences best describes table salt, NaCl? A.Table salt is a compound made from two gases. B.Table salt is a compound made from a solid and a liquid. C.Table salt is a compound made from two metals. D.Table salt is a compound made from a metal and a nonmetal.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 15.An element is made up of A.two kinds of atoms. B.one kind of molecule. C.one kind of atom. D.two kinds of molecules.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3 Standards Assessment 15.An element is made up of A.two kinds of atoms. B.one kind of molecule. C.one kind of atom. D.two kinds of molecules.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 3