Universe Tenth Edition Chapter 26 Exploring the Early Universe Roger Freedman Robert Geller William Kaufmann III Clicker Questions

The strong force is responsible for A.the attractive force between a planet and a star. B.attracting electrons to an atomic nucleus. C.certain radioactive decays such as the decay of a neutron into a proton, electron, and antineutrino. D.holding protons and neutrons together inside nuclei. E.more than one of the above. Q26.1

The strong force is responsible for A.the attractive force between a planet and a star. B.attracting electrons to an atomic nucleus. C.certain radioactive decays such as the decay of a neutron into a proton, electron, and antineutrino. D.holding protons and neutrons together inside nuclei. E.more than one of the above. A26.1

The weak force is responsible for A.the attractive force between a planet and a star. B.attracting electrons to an atomic nucleus. C.certain radioactive decays such as the decay of a neutron into a proton, electron, and antineutrino. D.holding protons and neutrons together inside nuclei. E.more than one of the above. Q26.2

The weak force is responsible for A.the attractive force between a planet and a star. B.attracting electrons to an atomic nucleus. C.certain radioactive decays such as the decay of a neutron into a proton, electron, and antineutrino. D.holding protons and neutrons together inside nuclei. E.more than one of the above. A26.2

The electromagnetic force is responsible for A.the attractive force between a planet and a star. B.attracting electrons to an atomic nucleus. C.certain radioactive decays such as the decay of a neutron into a proton, electron, and antineutrino. D.holding protons and neutrons together inside nuclei. E.more than one of the above. Q26.3

The electromagnetic force is responsible for A.the attractive force between a planet and a star. B.attracting electrons to an atomic nucleus. C.certain radioactive decays such as the decay of a neutron into a proton, electron, and antineutrino. D.holding protons and neutrons together inside nuclei. E.more than one of the above. A26.3

The gravitational force is responsible for A.the attractive force between a planet and a star. B.attracting electrons to an atomic nucleus. C.certain radioactive decays such as the decay of a neutron into a proton, electron, and antineutrino. D.holding protons and neutrons together inside nuclei. E.more than one of the above. Q26.4

The gravitational force is responsible for A.the attractive force between a planet and a star. B.attracting electrons to an atomic nucleus. C.certain radioactive decays such as the decay of a neutron into a proton, electron, and antineutrino. D.holding protons and neutrons together inside nuclei. E.more than one of the above. A26.4

The particle that is exchanged between quarks to bind them together in a proton is the A.gluon. B.neutrino. C.neutron. D.photon. E.intermediate vector boson. Q26.5

The particle that is exchanged between quarks to bind them together in a proton is the A.gluon. B.neutrino. C.neutron. D.photon. E.intermediate vector boson. A26.5

Inflation, a very rapid expansion of the early universe, was proposed to explain A.both the isotropy problem and the flatness problem. B.the homogeneous problem. C.Hubble ’ s law. D.the four fundamental forces. E.the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Q26.6

Inflation, a very rapid expansion of the early universe, was proposed to explain A.both the isotropy problem and the flatness problem. B.the homogeneous problem. C.Hubble ’ s law. D.the four fundamental forces. E.the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. A26.6

Compared to the present-day expansion rate of the universe, the expansion rate during the inflationary epoch was A.about the same. B.somewhat slower. C.very much slower. D.somewhat faster. E.very much faster. Q26.7

Compared to the present-day expansion rate of the universe, the expansion rate during the inflationary epoch was A.about the same. B.somewhat slower. C.very much slower. D.somewhat faster. E.very much faster. A26.7

During the first s after the Big Bang, the electromagnetic force and weak force were unified in a single “ electroweak ” force. This was because during that first s A.the neutrino had the same mass as the electron. B.the average energy of particle collisions was greater than the mass of the electron. C.the average energy of particle collisions was greater than the mass of the proton or neutron. D.the average energy of particle collisions was greater than the mass of the intermediate vector boson. E.particles did not collide with each other. Q26.8

During the first s after the Big Bang, the electromagnetic force and weak force were unified in a single “ electroweak ” force. This was because during that first s A.the neutrino had the same mass as the electron. B.the average energy of particle collisions was greater than the mass of the electron. C.the average energy of particle collisions was greater than the mass of the proton or neutron. D.the average energy of particle collisions was greater than the mass of the intermediate vector boson. E.particles did not collide with each other. A26.8

This graph shows the universe ’ s size as a function of time with and without inflation. Had inflation not taken place, the present-day observable universe would have had to have been relatively large just after the Big Bang. This is inferred from Q26.9 A.the blue line at time = s. B.the red line at the present. C.the duration of the inflationary epoch. D.the slight curve of the inflationary epoch line. E.the age of the universe.

This graph shows the universe ’ s size as a function of time with and without inflation. Had inflation not taken place, the present-day observable universe would have had to have been relatively large just after the Big Bang. This is inferred from A26.9 A.the blue line at time = s. B.the red line at the present. C.the duration of the inflationary epoch. D.the slight curve of the inflationary epoch line. E.the age of the universe.

About 3 minutes after the Big Bang, the universe was very hot with protons and neutrons colliding with each other and undergoing nuclear reactions. During this time A.no helium was formed. B.a small amount of helium formed. C.most of the helium in the universe today was formed. D.helium and hydrogen formed at equal rates. E.some helium was formed, but there is no clear idea of how much. Q26.10

About 3 minutes after the Big Bang, the universe was very hot with protons and neutrons colliding with each other and undergoing nuclear reactions. During this time A.no helium was formed. B.a small amount of helium formed. C.most of the helium in the universe today was formed. D.helium and hydrogen formed at equal rates. E.some helium was formed, but there is no clear idea of how much. A26.10