CARBOHYDRATES Characteristics of Carbohydrates Consist of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen Energy containing molecules Some provide structure Basic building.

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Presentation transcript:

CARBOHYDRATES

Characteristics of Carbohydrates Consist of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen Energy containing molecules Some provide structure Basic building block is a monosaccharide (CH 2 O) n ; n = 3,5,6 Two monosaccharides form a disaccharide

Different Forms of Glucose

Three Monosaccharides C 6 H 12 O 6

Dehydration Synthesis of a Disaccharide

Formation of Disaccharides

Hydrolysis of a Disaccharide

Important Polysaccharides: Starch Consists of glucose subunits Plant energy storage molecule Glycogen is a very similar molecule in animals. Starch and glycogen can be digested by animals.

Important Polysaccharides: Cellulose Composed of glucose subunits Different bond formed than starch Structural component in plants Cannot be digested by animals

Important Polysaccharides: Chitin Glucose subunits Partly derived from non-sugars (nitrogen) Composes exoskeletons of insects Note similarity to cellulose.