War and Expansion in The United States Chapter 26 Section 3

Key Terms Manifest Destiny Abraham Lincoln Secede U.S. Civil War Emancipation Proclamation Segregation Key Terms

A Young Nation 1800’s still a young nation Britain was still harassing its former colony Seized American sailors to use against Napoleon Britain helping Native Americans A Young Nation

A Young Nation Britain and United States fight War of 1812 Fighting ends No territory changes hands Proved to be an independent nation Monroe Doctrine Americas off limits to European colonization A Young Nation

1820 Moses Austin received permission from Spain to form settlements in Texas Mexico gains independence from Spain Imposes strict rules on settlers Settlers fight and receive independence for Republic of Texas Texas and Mexico

Texas and Mexico 1845 U.S. admits Texas as a state Mexico still claimed Texas Mexican-American War 1846-1848 U.S. wins Gains large territory in the southwestern United States Texas and Mexico

The Move West 1850 westward expansion Claimed all territory to the Pacific Ocean Louisiana Territory Florida Texas, The Mexican cession The Oregon Territory The Move West

Manifest Destiny-Americans thought they had a God-given right to settle all the way to the Pacific 1848 gold discovered in California National law gave 160 acres of free land Thousands packed up and headed west The Move West

Effects on Native Americans As people moved west conflicts developed Solution to push native Americans west 1830 Indian Removal Act-relocation of five Indian nations Effects on Native Americans

Effects on Native Americans U.S. Army controlled Cherokee Choctaw Seminole Creek Were forced to move into Indian Territory Trial of Tears-1/4 of Cherokee died on this march Moved onto reservations Effects on Native Americans

The Civil War Abolition- the end to slavery America decided which new states were free or slave states Southerners worried new states could shift congressional power and end slavery The Civil War

First half of 1800’s compromise balance of free and slave states 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act –decision of free or slave left to residents Abraham Lincoln- elected president The Civil War

The Road to War South Carolina secedes from the Union Secede-a withdrawal from the Union Confederate States elect Jefferson Davis as president Confederate States draft a constitution The Road to War

April 1861 Lincoln orders supplies to Fort Sumter South Carolina First shots of the Civil War 500,000 die from battle or disease More than in any other war War Begins

The Emancipation Proclamation January 1863 declared all slaves free in Confederate States Did not apply to already conquered by the Union Many southern slaves fled North Hurt southern economy Union soldiers saw their purpose to end slavery Caused European powers to withdraw from Confederacy The Emancipation Proclamation

The Union Prevails 1863 Battle of Gettysburg-North defeats the South North now believes it can win the war Gettysburg Address delivered at a cemetery for soldiers killed in that battle The Union Prevails

The Union Prevails War continues for a year and a half Union score several victories in the south Robert E. Lee surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox, Virginia, in April 1865 The Union Prevails

Effects of Civil War South lay in ruins Final battles damaged Railroads Roads bridges How would the government treat Confederate soldiers Effects of Civil War

Effects of Civil War How would slavery be resolved How would the South rebuild Reconstruction-era of rebuilding the South People had different ideas on how to solve problems Effects of Civil War

Government passed several important amendments to the Constitution Civil Rights Act- protected some rights of former slaves 14th Amendment granted citizenship Effects of Civil War

“Equal benefit of all laws and privileges for the security of person and property, as is enjoyed by white citizens” 15th Amendment-voting rights could not be denied because of race Effects of Civil War

Reconstruction did not achieve equal rights for former slaves Discriminatory laws still passed in the South Segregation-seperation of blacks and whites in the south Reconstruction provided a foundation for later civil rights movement during the 1900’s Effects of Civil War

Post War Economy During 1870’s 2000 immigrants a day arrive 1914 20 million people moved to the U.S. Industrialization needed a large amount of labor Post War Economy

Railroads 1862 Congress authorizes the Trans-Continental Railroad 1869 California and Eastern U.S. linked 1900 200,000 miles of railroad tracks Carried Corn, wheat, cattle, coal, iron ore to processing plants U.S. becomes a world leader Railroads