11/12 Focus 11/12 Focus: Sparta was a powerful Greek city-state known for its emphasis on military training and military power. Do Now: Do Now: – Identify the two earliest civilizations in Greece

Ancient Greece City-States Sparta and Athens

Review What was the primary impact that mountainous terrain had on the development of civilization in Greece?

Development of the City State Collapse of Mycenaean civilization led a dark age in Greece – Greek civilization experiences a period of decline City-States develop as the major political unit in Greece

The Polis Greek word for city- state – Made up of city and surrounding countryside – Controlled sq miles of territory The City-State or Polis of Athens

Characteristics of the Polis Two parts of a Polis – Acropolis Hilltop Temples – Agora Flat Marketplaces, theater, public areas, homes

Characteristics of the Polis Cultural characteristics of city-states – Greek language spoken in city states – Same myths and heroes – Polytheistic Same gods and religious beliefs – Participated in the Olympic games

Sparta City State on the Peloponnesian peninsula Government – Oligarchy State ruled by a small group of wealthy citizens

Sparta Sparta developed a military society Military Training – Education was centered around training for military service – All boys left home at age 7 and moved into army barracks – Goal was to establish toughness and discipline – Became at hoplites at age 20 and served till age 30 Spearmen who fought in phalanx formation – Had to be available for military service until age 60

Sparta Women did not train for military service Expected to produce healthy boys for the army – Had to exercise and strengthen their bodies – babies who were not healthy at birth were left to die Not allowed to vote but could own property

Spartan Decline Individual freedom discouraged Did not focus on artistic expression or trade Eventually led to their decline

Closure List three cultural characteristics that were common in Greek city states Describe the type of society that was created in Sparta? What was the role of women in Sparta?