EQ: What are the different methods of physical separation? SEPARATION OF MATTER NOTES.

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Presentation transcript:

EQ: What are the different methods of physical separation? SEPARATION OF MATTER NOTES

Matter Flowchart

A. Separating Heterogeneous Mixtures Based on differences in the size or density of the pure substances making up the mixture 1.Decanting 2.Filtering 3.Centrifuge 4.Physical Sorting 5.Magnet

A. Separating Heterogeneous Mixtures 1.Decanting: pouring off the top layer of liquid (removes liquids from solids or liquids with different densities)

People decant older wines because they produce a lot of sediment as they age.

A. Separating Heterogeneous Mixtures 2.Filtering: Running a mixture of solid and liquid through filter paper. The undissolved solid is remains on top of the filter paper. Dissolved solid (solute) will run through the filter paper.

A. Separating Heterogeneous Mixtures Centrifuge: Separation of solids and liquids or liquids with different densities using a machine that spins the densest substance to the bottom

Centrifuge Experiment HQWJPFHBic HQWJPFHBic

A. Separating Heterogeneous Mixtures Physical Sorting: Separation of large solids (ex: sorting colors of M & M’s from a bag)

A. Separating Heterogeneous Mixtures Magnet: Used to separate magnetic substances (like iron) from non-magnetic substances (like sulfur or sand)

B. Separating Homogeneous Mixtures (solutions) Chromatography – involves the sample being dissolved in a particular solvent called mobile phase (gas or liquid).

B. Separating Homogeneous Mixtures (solutions) The mobile phase is then passed through another phase called stationary phase (solid packed in a glass plate or a piece of chromatography paper).

B. Separating Homogeneous Mixtures (solutions) The various components of the mixture travel at different rates, causing them to separate.

B. Separating Homogeneous Mixtures (solutions) Types: column, paper, and gas chromatography.

Distillation: used to separate a mixture of liquids based on boiling point. The liquid with the lowest boiling point evaporates first, runs through the condensing tube, and is then collected (distilled liquid). B. Separating Homogeneous Mixtures (solutions)

Evaporation (crystallization): used to separate solutions. The solid solute (dissolved substance) is left behind as the solvent/liquid (usually water) evaporates away B. Separating Homogeneous Mixtures (solutions)