CONCEPT OF BIOLOGY

The science of Life!!

DON’T MEMORIZE !!

Allocation of MARKS Midterm-test (23/3/2012) ?? Final Exam ?? 100%

Topic: The Introduction of Biology Defining of life Classification of living things Ecosystem and human interferences Basic chemistry, the chemistry of organic molecules Darwin evolutions History of cells Cells structures and functions Photosynthesis and cellular respirations

Biology the study of living things/organisms Meaning of

 can be broken down to several sections/groups - Biochemistry, microbiology, cellular biology, physiology and ecology  Biochemistry - chemical reactions, focus on studying actual cells  Molecular biology - systems of biological molecules - interaction between molecules  Cellular biology – about cell, molecular and chemical actions  Physiology - physical and chemical functions that of the tissues and organ systems that make up an organism  Ecology - how various plants and animals interact with their surrounding environment? - reaction between organism and non-living environment The branches of BIOLOGY  The specialized levels of biology are microbiology, botany, and zoology

Topic: The Introduction of Biology Defining of life Classification of living things Ecosystem and human interferences Basic chemistry, the chemistry of organic molecules Darwin evolutions History of cells Cells structures and functions Photosynthesis and cellular respirations

What Is Life? ________ Processes 1.Nutrient uptake 2.Nutrient processing 3.Waste elimination ________ Processes Growth – increase in size Reproduction – increase in number ________ Processes 1.Quick responses to environment (ex. taxis) 2.Individual adaptation (like becoming acclimated to high altitudes) 3. Evolution (genetic change of a population over time) ________ Processes Ensure organisms carry out metabolic activities in proper sequence and at proper rate. Ref: Ross, F; Port, T; photo

Topic: The Introduction of Biology Defining of life Classification of living things Ecosystem and human interferences Basic chemistry, the chemistry of organic molecules Darwin evolutions History of cells Cells structures and functions Photosynthesis and cellular respirations

Biosphere Ecosystem Florida coast Community All organisms on the Florida coast Population Group of brown pelicans Nucleus Nerve Spinal cord Cell Nerve cell Tissue Nervous tissue Organ Brain Organelle Nucleus Molecule DNA Atom Organism Brown pelican Organ system Nervous system Brain General Hierarchy of Organization

Biosphere Ecosystem Florida coast Community All organisms on the Florida coast Population Group of brown pelicans Organism Brown pelican General Hierarchy of Organization

Population Group of brown pelicans Nucleus Nerve Spinal cord Cell Nerve cell Tissue Nervous tissue Organ Brain Organelle Nucleus Molecule DNA Atom Organism Brown pelican Organ system Nervous system Brain General Hierarchy of Organization

Atom Molecule Macromolecule Organelle Cell Tissue Organ Organ system _______ Population Community ETC!!! Ref: Sinauer & Associates Systematics deals with classification of organisms.

1.The upper tier is a global perspective of life –Biosphere—all the environments on Earth that support life –Ecosystem—all the organisms living in a particular area –Community—the array of organisms living in a particular ecosystem –Population—all the individuals of a species within a specific area Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. In life’s hierarchy of organization, new properties emerge at each level

2.The middle tier is characterized by the organism, an individual living thing, which is composed of –Organ systems—have specific functions; are composed of organs –Organs—provide specific functions for the organism –Tissues—made of groups of similar cells Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. In life’s hierarchy of organization, new properties emerge at each level

3.Life emerges at the level of the cell, the lower tier, which is composed of –Molecules—clusters of atoms –Organelles—membrane-bound structures with specific functions –Cells—living entities distinguished from their environment by a membrane Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.