SPACE THE FINAL FRONTIER

SOVIET SATELLITE SPUTNIK 1 ca. 1957 First artificial satellite to be launched into space. Begins space race.

Ham- the space chimp

SOVIET VOSTOK Transported the first man (Gagarin-’61) and woman (Tereshkova-’63) into space. Later converted into the Voskhod capsule.

Mercury 7 Astronauts

Mercury/Gemini Spacecraft

SOVIET VOSKHOD 2 CAPSULE ca. 1965 Equivalent to US Gemini missions. Enabled Alexei Leonov to leave the craft for about 10 minutes. He was the first man to walk in space.

SOVIET LUNA LANDER ca.1966 This probe landed on the moon and released a capsule with telecommunication ability.

US SATURN V ROCKET Multi stage rockets are the largest rockets ever built. It transported Apollo mission astronauts to the moon.

Buzz Aldrin Stepping on Moon

SPACE FLIGHT PATH FOR APOLLO 11

SOVIET LUNOKHOD ROVER ca. 1970-73 Powered by solar power, these eight-wheeled explorers carried cameras and soil analyzers.

US SKYLAB ca. 1973 Orbited the earth for six years providing scientific data about the sun and earth. Used in three different missions, scientists lived on Skylab and performed scientific experiments as well as monitored their own health in space.

US SOLAR MAXIMUM MISSION SATELLITE ca. 1980 Designed to study solar radiation. From 1984-1989, this craft’s data helped compile information about the sun’s corona and sun spots.

SOVIET SPACE STATION MIR ca. 1986 Mir, meaning “peace” was the first modular space station. Additional modules have since been added. Cosmonauts experimented with missions of extended length aboard Mir, staying for over one year. It later becomes the International Space Station through cooperation with the US.

Current International Space Station

US VOYAGER 2 ca. 1986 Twins Voyager 1 and 2 toured the galaxy bringing back new information. Voyagers 1 and 2 discovered new moons and rings around Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus and Neptune. Voyager 2 made the first ever visits to Uranus(’86) and Neptune(’89). Voyager 1 and 2 are now exploring interstellar space. Voyager 1 became the most distant human-made object by traveling 6.5 billion miles from earth in 1998.

US SPACE SHUTTLE DISCOVERY ca. 1988 America’s new orbiter, the space shuttles break away from the fuel boosters upon entering space. These boosters are fixed and used again in future missions. This large craft allows for the transport of more data and experiments.

Challenger Shuttle Crew

US GALILEO PROBE ca. 1989 This probe carried spectrometers that measure ultraviolet light beyond visible ranges. In 1995, it released a probe into Jupiter’s atmosphere that transmitted vital scientific data before bursting into flame.

US HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE ca. 1990 This telescope allows scientists a remarkable views of the galaxy. It is made up of lenses and sensors provided by the US and other European countries.

US SOJOURNER ROVER ca. 1997 Sojourner left the Mars Pathfinder to gather information about life on Mars. It held cameras and spectrometers to record atmospheric measurements, chemical compositions, and rock and soil types.

GLOBAL POSITIONING SATELLITES (GPS) NAVSTAR ca. 1978 Navstar is a network of 24 satellites. Position on earth is determined by the amount of time it takes for signals from three or four satellites to reach the receiver.

Columbia Shuttle Crew

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