Chapter 8 Animal-like Proticsts: The Protozoa

Reproduction One of the simplest and most common forms of asexual reproduction is binary fission. One of the simplest and most common forms of asexual reproduction is binary fission. During budding, mitosis is followed by the incorporation of one nucleus into a cytoplasmic mass that is much smaller that the parent cell. During budding, mitosis is followed by the incorporation of one nucleus into a cytoplasmic mass that is much smaller that the parent cell. Multiple fission or schizogony occur when a large number of daughter cells from the division of a single protozoan Multiple fission or schizogony occur when a large number of daughter cells from the division of a single protozoan

Symbiotic Lifestyles Symbiosis is an intimate association between two organisms. Symbiosis is an intimate association between two organisms. For many protozoa, these involve a form of symbiosis called parasitism For many protozoa, these involve a form of symbiosis called parasitism One organism lives in or on a second organism, called a host. One organism lives in or on a second organism, called a host. The definitive host harbor the sexual stages may produce offspring that enter another host called an intermediate host The definitive host harbor the sexual stages may produce offspring that enter another host called an intermediate host

Subphlum Sarcodina: Pseudopodia and Amoeboid Locomotion  When feeding and moving they form temporary cell extension called pseudopodia  Lobopodia are broad cell processes containing ectoplasm and endoplasm and are used for locomotion and engulfing food  Reticulopodia are similar to flopodia 

Class Sporozoea Schizogony is multiple fission of an sexual stage in host cells to form many more individuals call memorized Schizogony is multiple fission of an sexual stage in host cells to form many more individuals call memorized Some of the memorized undergo gametogony, which begin the sexual phase of the life cycle Some of the memorized undergo gametogony, which begin the sexual phase of the life cycle

Genetics Control and Reproduction A large, polyploid macronucleus regulates daily metabolic actives. A large, polyploid macronucleus regulates daily metabolic actives. One or more smaller micronuclei are the genetic reserve of the cell One or more smaller micronuclei are the genetic reserve of the cell Ciliates reproduces sexually by conjugation Ciliates reproduces sexually by conjugation