Kingdom Protista  Protozoa: the animal like protists  Algae: plantlike (autotrophic)  Slime molds and water molds

Rise of the Eukaryotes Oxygen became a larger part of the atmosphere Selective pressure to be able to use it or at least tolerate it Eukaryotes developed Protists today are a lot like these early eukaryotes

Not Bacteria! Have a nucleus, large ribosomes, mitochondria, ER, golgi apparatus DNA is in chromosome form Undergo mitosis or meiosis (or both)

Protozoa  Single celled  Eukaryotes  Heterotrophic  Very diverse  Hard to classify

Classification of Protozoa  60,000 species described  Means of locomotion is traditional basis for classification  Locomotion is not phylogenic

Major Phyla of Protozoa

Phylum Mastigophora  flagellates  Includes some with chlorophyll  Examples: Trypanosoma Giardia Trichomonas

Trypanosoma African Sleeping Sickness Giardia lamblia severe diarrhea

Phylum Sarcodina  Pseudopodia  Amoeba-many types  Rarely free in water; need surface on which to crawl  Also includes radiolarians and foraminiferans

Phylum Sarcodina Amoeba

Phylum Sarcodina RadiolariansRadiolarians Radiolarians Glass like exoskeletons Foraminiferans Shells of calcium carbonate Shells contribute to formation of chalk and limestone

Phylum Euglenophyta Euglenoids: flagellated Most photosynthetic Some heterotrophs

Alveolates

Phylum Apicomplexa  All endoparasites  Spore producing  Class Sporozoa Toxoplasma-cats toxoplasmosis Plasmodium- malaria

Phylum Ciliophora  Locomotion is cilia  Always multinucleated  Examples include paramecium and stentor

Phylum Pyrrhophyta Dinoflagellates Causes “red tide” when they are overproduced Produce a neurotoxin that may affect muscles of marine life

Algae: Plant-like Protists Largely photosynthetic Phytoplankton is most popular place to find them Basis of almost all food webs in aquatic habitats

Major Algae Groups Chrysophyta Rhodophyta Phaeophyta Chlorophyta

Major Algae Groups Chrysophyta: diatoms with silica shells, golden algae, yellow- green algae.

Major Algae Groups Rhodophyta: red algae Mostly marine Many accessory pigments, such as phycobilins absorb green and blue-green light waves Can live deeper Agar, sushi

Major Algae Groups Phaeophyta: brown algae Evident on rocky coastlines Often found in big masses in ocean Giant kelps, sargassum Used in commercial products, including ice cream

Major Algae Groups Chlorophyta: green algae Most like plants Chlorophyll a and b Store carbohydrates as starch Wide variety