Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium Monitoring Meeting Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, -002 D1 status and report L.Di Pace ENEA CR Frascati June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 2 Outline Aim of the task; Work done for TW5-TSW-001 D1; Schedule.

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 3 Aim of the task Study on Recycling of Fusion Activated Materials; As shown by the PPCS study, all or most of the active materials arising from the operation and decommissioning would be suitable for recycling, after up to 100 years of intermediate storage. Radiological criteria, mostly based on dose rates, have been commonly used to determine if materials would be candidates for recycling. However it is not clear conditions at which recycling, for example in fabrication of components for new fusion power plants, would actually be feasible. Open questions include the availability of suitable processes, the ability to process active material and fabricate new components using RH techniques, and the economic viability of such processes.

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 4 Deliverable 1 This deliverable will define components and materials involved and determine volumes & masses for PPCS Model AB considering the main boundary conditions. Data from the report UKAEA/TW4-TRP-002 Deliverable 2e Jan 2005 [ TW4-TRP-002D2e_rev1 ] and related neutron transport and activation calculations available on CD. [ TW4-TRP-002D2e_rev1 ]

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 5 Work done for D1 Input data

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 6 Work done for D1 Input data Excel file from R. Pampin (UKAEA) Excel file from R. Pampin (UKAEA) clearance levels based on IAEA - TECDOC 855 (1996)

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 7 Work done for D1 Analysis focused on VV, TF coils, LT shield, HT shield, as they constitute 86% of the volume and 84% of the mass. Basic criteria used to check recycling or clearance feasibility: –Clearance index (for clearance) [IAEA-TECDOC-855]; –Dose rate < 2 mSv/h (for recycling); –Decay heat < 1 W/m 3 (for recycling); –Specific Activity <1 KBq/g (for recycling) operative value suggested in SCKCEN report [R /05-01 February 2005] (“During the several discussions with experts of the melting facilities, an activity level of 1000 Bq/g should be feasible to handle without remote control, higher values demand remote handling”).R /05-01 February 2005

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 8 Work done for D1 TF Coils Clearance Index < 1 Just at shut down 85% of mass is clearable, it increases up to 94% after t  50 y. Mass in kg

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 9 Work done for D1 TF Coils Decay heat < 1 W/m 3 Contact Dose rate < 2 mSv/h Mass in kg

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 10 Work done for D1 TF Coils Specific activity < 1 KBq/g After 40 days all TF coil is < 1000 Bq/g, even though the CL is not reached for 6% of the TF coil mass at 100 y. Clearable mass does not change up to t > 10 and < 50 y. At SD, 85% of the TF coil is already clearable. Up to 94% of the TF coil mass is clearable, the remaining 6% is recyclable. Possible limitation from the segmentation of the different strand materials. Mass in kg Conclusive remarks on TF Coils

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 11 Work done for D1 Vacuum Vessel Clearance Index < 1 Up to t  77 y clearable mass is zero. At t = 100 y clearable mass becomes 77% of the total. Mass in kg

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 12 Work done for D1 Decay heat < 1 W/m 3 Contact Dose rate < 2 mSv/h Vacuum Vessel Mass in kg

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 13 Work done for D1 Vacuum Vessel Specific activity < 1 KBq/g Up to t  77 y the VV is still not clearable. At t=100 y the clearable fraction is 77%. At t=100 y the recyclable fraction is 100%, if one considers decay heat and dose rate criteria. Using the operative limit on mass specific activity, the recycling fraction is 84%. It might be even lower, considering the modelization used for the cell. The midplane OB VV cells C59 and C73 have a thickness of about 1 m. The separation of the different components is linked to the assembling technique. Conclusive remarks on VV Mass in kg

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 14 Work done for D1 LT Shield Clearance Index < 1 No clearable mass up to t = 10,000 y.

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 15 Work done for D1 Decay heat < 1 W/m 3 Contact Dose rate < 2 mSv/h LT Shield Mass in kg

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 16 Work done for D1 LT Shield Specific activity < 1 KBq/g Conclusive remarks on LT Shield Mass in kg Even after 10,000 y, LTS is not clearable. At t=100 y the recyclable fraction reaches 100%, if one considers decay heat and dose rate criteria. Using the operative limit on mass specific activity, the recycling fraction is 82% only at t  1000 y. The midplane OB LTS cells C47 and C61 have a thickness of about 0.3 m. The separation of the LTS from the HTS has been analyzed by a dedicated design study in the task TW4-TRP-002.

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 17 Work done for D1 HT Shield Clearance Index < 1 No clearable mass up to t = 10,000 y. HTS is not a lifetime component, replacement every 5 FPY.

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 18 Work done for D1 Decay heat < 1 W/m 3 Contact Dose rate < 2 mSv/h HT Shield Mass in kg

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 19 Work done for D1 HT Shield Specific activity < 1 KBq/g Conclusive remarks on HT Shield Mass in kg Even after 10,000 y, HTS is not clearable. At t=100 y the recyclable fraction reaches 100%, if one considers decay heat and dose rate criteria. Using the operative limit on mass specific activity, the recycling fraction is 0%. At t = 10,000 y, recycling fraction is 77%. The midplane OB LTS cells C47 and C61 have a thickness of about 0.4 m. The separation of the LTS from the HTS has been analyzed by a dedicated design study in the task TW4-TRP-002.

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 20 Work done for D1 Conclusive remarks Lifetime components (TF, VV and HTS) are clearable for a share of 81%, the remainder 8% is recyclable while 11% (LTS) is > 1 kBq/g at t = 100 y. Replaceable component (HTS) is recyclable according to the dose rate and decay heat criteria, it is not according to the limit on specific mass activity (< 1 kBq/g). More detailed nodalization in the n-transport and activation calculation might reserve surprise and reduce the estimated of clearable/recyclable material. Problems related to the measure of the clearance indexes.  Possibility to use washers to measure the specific activity to check with activation calculations to foresee detailed decay.  Relationship of the dose rate, decay heat, and specific mass activity with clearance indexes.

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 21 Work done for D1 Relationship with clearance indexes (for VV) Best fit with contact dose rate, also valid for the other components analysed: TF Coils, LTS and HTS. Cartel2.xlsCartel2.xls

Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Monitoring Meeting of the Tasks TW5-TSW-001, 001B, June 2006, SCKCEN, Mol, Belgium 22 Schedule From minutes (V. Massaut) of Kick-Off Meeting of January 17 th - 18 th 2006, held in Garching. Extension Further extension D1; further extension required (to issue the report) D6; according to the schedule TW5-TSW-001_ENEA_final.docTW5-TSW-001_ENEA_final.doc