COLD WAR Chapter 25, 27 and 28. 25.1 Roots of the Cold War 1. Europe After WWII- US helps rebuild EUROPE while SU controls E/Central Europe and E. Germany.

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Presentation transcript:

COLD WAR Chapter 25, 27 and 28

25.1 Roots of the Cold War 1. Europe After WWII- US helps rebuild EUROPE while SU controls E/Central Europe and E. Germany

2. United Nations- international PEACEKEEPING organization to prevent war after WWII, US joins

3. Superpowers- US and SOVIET UNION strongest countries in world after WWII

4. Cold War- tension WITHOUT FIGHTING between US and Soviet Union

5. Differences Between Superpowers- United StatesSoviet Union/USSR Government Democracy- PEOPLE make decisions through elections Dictatorial - DICTATOR has total control over people Economy Capitalism - INDIVIDUALS have control over business Communism- GOVERNMENT controls business and owns everything

6. Containment- US foreign policy to stop the SPREAD of communism

7. How Does US Contain Communism?- a.Truman Doctrine- TROOPS to contain communism b.Marshall Plan- MONEY to rebuild and contain communism; George Marshall

8. Germany After WWII- a. Partitioned into communist EAST and democratic WEST b. 1961; BERLIN WALL built by SU to divide city

9. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)- Western DEMOCRATIC nations 10. Warsaw Pact- Eastern COMMUNIST nations

11. Japan after WWII- occupied by US, becomes DEMOCRATIC, US ALLY

25.2 A Time of Prosperity 1.US Economy Post-WWII- most JOBS, consumer goods and PRODUCTIVITY since 1920s

2. Industry- WAR to CONSUMER goods, done rationing and conserving

3. Labor Unions- gaining power, worker benefits and salaries INCREASED 4. Women- return to HOMES while men take their wartime jobs

5. Credit- buy now, PAY later

6. G.I. Bill- legislation that helps WWII veterans find JOBS, HOMES and get an EDUCATION 7. Interstate Highway System- created by Eisenhower to increase US TRANSPORTATION

25.3 The Korean War Period 1.Division of Korea- a. North- COMMUNIST (SU) b. South- DEMOCRATIC (US)

2. 38 th Parallel- line of latitude that DIVIDED Korea

3. Korean War a. North Korea INVADES South Korea b. UN sends troops to help S Korea, mostly US troops c. Communist CHINA sends troops to help N Korea d. Ends in STALEMATE or truce

4. Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) – BUFFER zone between N and S Korea, troops on each side

25.4 Global Concerns in the Cold War 1. Nikita Khrushchev- SOVIET leader after Stalin

2. John F. Kennedy- wanted to surpass SOVIETS and dealt with nuclear threat

3. Bay of Pigs Invasion- US tries to help Cuban rebels OVERTHROW communist leader, complete FAILURE

4. Cuban Missile Crisis A.Nearby Cuba became COMMUNIST B.Photos showed Soviet MISSILES in Cuba C.US put a naval BLOCKADE against Cuba until missiles removed D. Soviet ships sailed toward blockade, turned around at last moment E. Nuclear war AVOIDED and missiles REMOVED

Chapter 27 The Vietnam Era 1.Domino Theory- think if one country becomes COMMUNIST so will its neighbors

2. Vietnam- French colony in ASIA that fell to communism

3. Vietnam Divided- a.North- COMMUNIST b.South- supported by US Ho Chi MinhNgo Dinh Diem

4. Gulf of Tonkin Incident attack allows LBJ to escalate war and SEND TROOPS

Fighting in Vietnam: North Vietnam and Vietcong Weapons MIG AK-47

Fighting in Vietnam: North Vietnam and Vietcong Guerrilla Warfare Tunnel System Ho Chi Minh Trail

Fighting in Vietnam: US Weapons Huey M16 Phantom Fighter

Fighting in Vietnam: US Strategy Napalm Attacking Hamlets Agent Orange

5. Tet Offensive TURNING POINT in the war that divides US support

6. US Anti-War Protests- burning draft cards, veteran marches, music, sit-ins

Why Protest?  No official declaration of war  Reason for escalation (Gulf of Tonkin) was a lie  Killing innocent Vietnamese civilians  Vietnamese didn’t want US in Vietnam  Forced to fight a war didn’t support  Student deferrals allowed men with money to “buy” their way out of the draft

Kent State Shooting

7. Vietnamization- gradual WITHDRAWL of US troops while S.Vietnam takes over war

8. Cease-fire US LEAVES N. Vietnam while S. Vietnam continues fighting

9. Vietnam War Ends after US leaves S. Vietnam falls to COMMUNISM

10. Détente- easing of tension with COMMUNIST powers

28.2 End of the Cold War 1.Invasion of Afghanistan détente ends when SU INVADES Afghanistan to SPREAD communism

2. Mikhail Gorbachev- 1980s realizes war destroying SU ECONOMY and changes needed in SU 3. Glasnost- SPEAKING OPENLY about Soviet problems

4. Fall of Berlin Wall E. Europe demands INDEPENDENCE and tears down SYMBOL of communism

5. End of Cold War SU forced to break up into 15 independent COUNTRIES 1.Russia 2.Estonia 3.Latvia 4.Lithuania 5.Belarus 6.Moldova 7.Ukraine 8.Georgia 9.Armenia 10.Azerbaijan 11.Uzbekistan 12.Turkmenistan 13.Tajikistan 14.Kyrgyzstan 15.Kazakhstan

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