Fig. Lang. Mini Lesson Similes & Metaphors ELA6R1 The student produces evidence of reading that: h) Responds to and explains the effects of sound and figurative language in order to uncover meaning in literature

What is Figurative Language? When words and language are used to express/describe more than just their usual meaning

What is Figurative Language? When words and language are used to express/describe more than just their usual meaning When things mean more than just face value Things have multiple meanings

2 Types of Figurative Language: Simile

2 Types of Figurative Language: Simile Metaphor

What is a Simile?

A comparison using LIKE or AS

What is a Simile? A comparison using LIKE or AS EX: His feet were as big as boats.

What is a Simile? A comparison using LIKE or AS EX: His feet were as big as boats. EX: I feel like a champion!

Find the Similes in the Poem “Willow and Ginkgo” The willow is like an etching, Fine-lined against the sky. The ginkgo is like a crude sketch, Hardly worthy to be signed. The willow’s music is like a soprano, Delicate and thin. The ginkgo’s tune is like a chorus With everyone joining in The willow is sleek as a velvet-nosed calf; The ginkgo is leathery as an old bull. The willow’s branches are like silken thread; The ginkgo’s like stubby rough wool. The willow is like a nymph with streaming hair; Wherever it grows, there is green and gold and fair. The willow dips to the water, Protected and precious, like the king’s favorite daughter. The ginkgo forces its way through gray concrete; Like a city child, it grows up in the street. Thrust against the metal sky, Somehow it survives and even thrives. My eyes feast upon the willow But my heart goes to the ginkgo.

Find the Similes in the Poem “Willow and Ginkgo” The willow is like an etching, Fine-lined against the sky. The ginkgo is like a crude sketch, Hardly worthy to be signed. The willow’s music is like a soprano, Delicate and thin. The ginkgo’s tune is like a chorus With everyone joining in The willow is sleek as a velvet-nosed calf; The ginkgo is leathery as an old bull. The willow’s branches are like silken thread; The ginkgo’s like stubby rough wool. The willow is like a nymph with streaming hair; Wherever it grows, there is green and gold and fair. The willow dips to the water, Protected and precious, like the king’s favorite daughter. The ginkgo forces its way through gray concrete; Like a city child, it grows up in the street. Thrust against the metal sky, Somehow it survives and even thrives. My eyes feast upon the willow But my heart goes to the ginkgo.

Complete these Similes: I am as tired as ___________________. When I am sad, I feel like ______________. I am as mad as a _____________________. When I am annoyed, I feel like __________. I am as happy as _____________________. I am as busy as a _____________________.

What is a Metaphor?

A comparison NOT using LIKE or AS

What is a Metaphor? A comparison NOT using LIKE or AS EX: The chocolate bar was a lifesaver during the long test.

What is a Metaphor? A comparison NOT using LIKE or AS EX: The chocolate bar was a lifesaver during the long test. EX: Harold’s so immature! He’s the biggest baby I’ve ever seen!

What is a Metaphor? A comparison NOT using LIKE or AS EX: The chocolate bar was a lifesaver during the long test. EX: Harold’s so immature! He’s the biggest baby I’ve ever seen! EX: This class is a zoo!

Find the Metaphors in the song The Sound of Silence Hello darkness, my old friend, Ive come to talk with you again, Because a vision softly creeping, Left its seeds while I was sleeping, And the vision that was planted in my brain Still remains Within the sound of silence. In restless dreams I walked alone Narrow streets of cobblestone, neath the halo of a street lamp, I turned my collar to the cold and damp When my eyes were stabbed by the flash of A neon light That split the night And touched the sound of silence. And in the naked light I saw Ten thousand people, maybe more. People talking without speaking, People hearing without listening, People writing songs that voices never share And no one deared Disturb the sound of silence. Fools said i,you do not know Silence like a cancer grows. Hear my words that I might teach you, Take my arms that I might reach you. But my words like silent raindrops fell, And echoed In the wells of silence And the people bowed and prayed To the neon God they made. And the sign flashed out its warning, In the words that it was forming. And the signs said, the words of the prophets Are written on the subway walls And tenement halls. And whisperd in the sounds of silence.

Personification

In Beverly Cleary’s Words “Minutes crawled by. The long Oregon dusk turned into night. The girls turned on the television set to a program about people in a hospital...”

Can minutes really crawl? What do you think Beverly Cleary meant when she said that the minutes crawled by? Can you imagine minutes crawling across our classroom floor? Too Silly!

Can minutes really crawl? In Ramona Forever time went by so slowly for Ramona and her sister that they thought the minutes where crawling. Beverly Cleary was using a writing technique called: PERSONIFICATION

What is personification? Personification is when you describe nonliving things by using human actions or emotions. What does this fancy word mean? Still confused? Don’t worry – let’s look at some examples to help understand personification better.

The Sun Danced The sun danced across the sky on the hot summer day. Can the sun really dance?

The Pencil Screamed The pencil screamed as the boy turned the handle on the pencil sharpener. AAHHHH! Has your pencil ever screamed?

The Old Car Groaned The old car groaned as it made its way down the long open road. I can’t make it! Has your car ever groaned?

The Strawberry Spoke The strawberries seemed to say, "Eat me first!" Eat me first – I am yummy! Do strawberries really talk?

Fig. Lang. Mini Lesson Onomatopoeia

What is Figurative Language? When words and language are used to express/describe more than just their usual meaning

What is Figurative Language? When words and language are used to express/describe more than just their usual meaning When things mean more than just face value Things have multiple meanings

Type of Fig. Lang.: Onomatopoeia!!!

What is Onomatopoeia??

The use of words that imitate a sound

What is Onomatopoeia?? The use of words that imitate a sound It helps us form mental pictures about what is being described

What is Onomatopoeia?? The use of words that imitate a sound It helps us form mental pictures about what is being described EX: Buzz, Splash!, Bang, Hiss

The rusty spigot sputters, utters a splutter, spatters a smattering of drops, gashes wider; slash, splatters, scatters, spurts, finally stops sputtering and plash! gushes rushes splashes clear water dashes.

Drip. Drip. The tears steadily fall as the mourners gather. You can hear the sniffling and snuffling of friends and family as tissues are pulled out. He had lived a good life. It had been an ordinary day- so unexpected, until..CRASH! The deafening sound came out of nowhere. Coworkers ran in to see what caused the noise. A frightening stillness followed – a silence so loud you couldn’t hear anything else. The bookshelf the maintenance men had installed the day before, tap-tapping with their hammers, had fallen over on top of him, and in a moment, he was gone.

Alliteration The repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginnings of several words of a line of poetry or a sentence. There will come s oft rains and the s mell of the ground, and s wallows calling with their s himmering s ound…

What is hyperbole? Hyperbole is the greatest, most spectacular thing in the history of the entire world!

Hyperbole is an exaggeration. It puts a picture into the reader’s mind. Example: You could have knocked me over with a feather. Hyperbole is used for emphasis (makes that part more important) or humorous effect. With hyperbole, an author makes a point by overstating it.

Hyperbole makes qualities of people or things stand out by exaggerating them. Examples: The skin on her face was as thin and drawn as tight as the skin of onion. -Flannery O’Connor, “Parker’s Back” She’s the funniest girl I’ve ever met. Create your own example!

Hyperbole can also be used to describe a person’s emotions (feelings). In the following selection, a boy is pulling a man up from a deep hole. “It was not a mere man he was holding, but a giant; or a block of granite. The pull was unendurable. The pain unendurable.” —James Ramsey Ullman, "A Boy and a Man" What makes this hyperbole?

There did not seem to be brains enough in the entire nursery, so to speak, to bait a fishhook with. —Mark Twain, A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court People moved slowly then. There was no hurry, for there was nowhere to go, nothing to buy and no money to buy it with, nothing to see outside the boundaries of Maycomb County. —Harper Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird

Hyperbole is common in humorous poetry. Hyperbole can make a point in a light-hearted way. It can be used to poke fun at someone or something. For example, read this description of a dull town. It's a slow burg—I spent a couple of weeks there one day. —Carl Sandburg, "The People, Yes"

Hyperbole: -is exaggeration -is used for emphasis -is used for humorous effect -is used in descriptions -of people -of emotions

Activity: Rewrite these sentences with a more interesting hyperbole. The music was loud. The garden is pretty. The tired man snored loudly. The flowers grew quickly. I ate so much lunch my tummy is full.

47 Repetition Repetition occurs when poets repeat words, phrases, or lines in a poem. Creates a pattern. Increases rhythm. Strengthens feelings, ideas and mood in a poem. (See next slide for example.)

48 Repetition Example Some one tossed a pancake, A buttery, buttery, pancake. Someone tossed a pancake And flipped it up so high, That now I see the pancake, The buttery, buttery pancake, Now I see that pancake Stuck against the sky. by Sandra Liatsos The Sun