UNIT 1 - ON THE WAY TO WORKUNIT 1 - ON THE WAY TO WORK Primary education is mandatory in almost all countries of the world. After completing secondary education, you either enroll into college or seek employment. Upon graduating from college, people try not to be unemployed for too long and start job hunting.

INTRODUCTION What do you need to complete in order to start looking for a job? What do you know about the education system? (Levels of education, types of schools, etc.)

UNITED STATESUNITED STATES

MAIN CHARACTERISTICSMAIN CHARACTERISTICS Education is provided by the public sector. Primary education is compulsory. Education provided in public schools, state-certified private schools, or an approved home school program.

LEVELS OF EDUCATIONLEVELS OF EDUCATION Elementary school - 1 st to 5 th grade Middle school (junior high school) – 6 th to 8 th grade High school (or secondary education) – 9 th grade (freshman), 10 th grade (sophomore), 11 th grade (junior), 12 th grade (senior) Post-secondary education - college or university

UNDERGRADUATE & GRADUATEUNDERGRADUATE & GRADUATE Undergraduate studies A bachelor’s degree in a field of concentration known as a major– usually four years of study: A bachelor of Arts (B.A.), A Bachelor of Science (B.S.), A Bachelor of Fine Arts (B.F.A.), A Bachelor of Social Work (B.S.W.), A bachelor of Engineering (B.Eng.), A bachelor of Philosophy (B.Phil.)

POSTGRADUATE DEGREEPOSTGRADUATE DEGREE Graduate study leads to a master’s degree: Master of Arts (MA), Master of Science (MS), Master of Business Administration (MBA), or other less common master's degrees: Master of Education (Med.), Master of Fine Arts (MFA))

THE UNITED KINGDOMTHE UNITED KINGDOM

MAIN CHARACTERISTICSMAIN CHARACTERISTICS Full-time education is compulsory for all children aged between 5 and 17 (from 2013, and up to 18 from 2015), either at school or otherwise.

LEVELS OF EDUCATIONLEVELS OF EDUCATION Early years (ages 3–4), Primary education (ages 4–11), Secondary education (ages 11–16) Sixth Form or College (age 17 to 18) Tertiary education (ages 18+).

PRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOL A child begins primary education during the school year he or she turns 5.

SECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY EDUCATION Students at both state schools and independent schools typically take GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) examinations (the end of compulsory education) Students may then continue their secondary studies for a further two years (sixth form), leading most typically to A-level qualifications.

OTHER Other qualifications and courses exist: Business and Technology Education Council (BTEC) qualifications, The International Baccalaureate (IB) The Cambridge Pre-U.

UNDERGRADUATE DEGREEUNDERGRADUATE DEGREE Students enter University from age 18 onwards, and study for an academic degree. Higher education often begins with a three-year bachelor degree. Students who have completed a first degree are eligible to undertake a postgraduate degree.

POSTGRADUATE DEGREEPOSTGRADUATE DEGREE Master’s degree (taught or by research, typically taken in one year, though research-based master's degrees may last for two) Doctorate (typically taken in three years) Universities require a Royal Charter (a formal document issued by a monarch, granting a right or power to an individual - are financed by the state via tuition fees, which cost up to £9,000 a term for English, Welsh and EU students.

SERBIA?

LEVELS OF EDUCATIONLEVELS OF EDUCATION Pre-school/kindergarten (mandatory) Primary education (compulsory) Secondary education (compulsory) Higher education (mandatory)

PRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY EDUCATION Primary education between age 6/7 to 14/15) - two education cycles: the first from first to fourth grade (organized through the classroom teaching) and the second cycle of fifth to eighth grade (through subject teaching).

SECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY EDUCATION Secondary education – 4 years: Grammar, Vocational Art schools

HIGHER EDUCATIONHIGHER EDUCATION Higher education: University, Faculty art academy, Academy of vocational studies, College, College of vocational studies.

DEGREES OF STUDIESDEGREES OF STUDIES First degree : o undergraduate academics studies o undergraduate vocational studies Second degree: o graduate academic studies - Master o specialist vocational studies o specialist academic studies. Doctoral academic studies - third degree.

ORGANIZATION OF STUDIESORGANIZATION OF STUDIES Bachelor - the person that completes the undergraduate academic/vocational studies obtains the professional title of first degree of academic/ vocational studies in the appropriate field - Bachelor’s degree. Master - graduate academic studies can be organized by a university, faculty and college, and last one or two years (depending on the duration of undergraduate academic studies). After completing this studies the person gains the academic title - Master.

Doctorate - Doctoral studies can be organized by universities or faculties and last at least one year, provided undergraduate and graduate academic studies lasted at least five years. Main grading system used by higher education institutions 5-10 grading scale is used, with 6 as a pass level. Highest on scale is 10, pass / fail level is 6 and 5 and the lowest on scale is 5.

FOCUS ON VOCABULARY: FIND THE SYNONYMS Obligatory Appropriate look for be fired job opening/ position per year be present at Wealthy Candidate Benefit

MATCH THE TERMS WITH THEIR MEANINGS: 1) Promotion 2) Prospects 3) Vacancy 4) Unemployment benefits 5) Sick leave 6) Resign 7) Make redundant 8) Notice 9) Background 10) Bonus 11) Retire a. Payments made by the state to an unemployed person b. Advance warning of intention to leave one's job - to give or hand in one's resignation c. Education - qualifications - experience d. Advancement in rank or position in the company e. Dismiss for economic reasons f. A position to be filled g. Additional payment to an employee as an incentive or reward h. Opportunities for success or promotion in a career i. Leave a job voluntarily j. Leave employment because of age k. Absence because of illness