MOLE CALCULATIONS

Moles to Mass Find the mass of one mole of NaCl 58.5g Find the mass of two moles of NaCl 117.0g How did you get the answer? 2 moles x 58.5g/mol = 117.0g

What is the mass of moles of NaCl? 29.3g 0.500mol x 58.5g/mol = 29.3g Find the mass of 0.35 moles of NaCl. 0.35mol 58.5g 1 mol = g = 2.0 x 10 1 g Notice the mole unit cancels (one on top, one on the bottom), leaving only the gram unit!

Using a table: starting value unit we want for answer unit we have for starting value Top left and bottom right units cancel, left with unit we want in answer (the top right unit)

Do all calculations for moles using a table as it will be very helpful for more complicated problems. Calculate the mass of 0.25mol of MgBr 2. Molar mass MgBr 2 = (79.9) = 184.1g/mol 0.25mol 184.1g 1 mol = 46g MgBr 2

Calculate the mass of 2.40 mol of ammonium carbonate. NH 4 + CO 3 2- NH 4 + (to balance charges) (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 MM = 2(14.0) + 8(1.0) (16.0) = 96.0g/mol 2.40mol 96.0g 1 mol = 230.4g = 2.30 x 10 2 g

Calculate the mass of each 1.20 mol of HNO mol of acetic acid 75.6g HNO 3 36g of acetic acid

Mass to Moles How many moles are in 100.0g of CaS? MM of CaS = = 72.2g/mol 100.0g 1 mol 72.2g = 1.38 mol CaS Note: Molar mass can be written as 72.2g in one mole (72.2g/mol) or that one mole has a mass of 72.2g (1 mol/72.2g)

How many moles are in 22.5g of aluminum oxide? Al 2 O g 1 mol 102.0g = mol Al 2 O 3

Calculate the number of moles in each of the following: 50.0g of copper II oxide 24mg of NaCl (Hint: change to g first) mol CuO 4.1 x mol NaCl

Moles to Molecules We must use Avogadro’s number There are 6.02 x particles in 1 mole How many molecules are in 1.00 mole of NaCl? 6.02 x molecules How many molecules are in 2.00 mole of NaCl? 1.20 x molecules

How many molecules are in mole of NaCl? 3.01 x molecules How many molecules are in mole of CuS? 3.01 x molecules Keep in mind that Avogadro’s number is independent of what type of molecule or object we are talking about. Mass is dependent because every type of atom has a different mass!

Use the TABLE for all questions! How many molecules are in 1.20 mol of PbSO 4 ? 1.20mol 6.02 x molecs 1 mol = 7.22 x molecs

How many molecules in 1.30 mol of potassium chloride? 1.30mol 6.02 x molecs 1 mol = 7.83 x molecs

Exercises Calculate the number of molecules in each of the following: 0.75 mol H 2 SO x mol Ca(OH) x molecs of H 2 SO x molecs of Ca(OH) 2

Molecules to Moles How many moles in 5.42 x molecules of Na 2 S ? 5.42 x molecs 1 mol 6.02 x molecs = 9.00 x mol Na 2 S

Exercise How many moles in 3.21 x molecules of KBr ? mol KBr

Moles to Atoms If we are dealing with an element, do moles to atoms just as you did moles to molecules If we are dealing with compounds, we must use a two step table

How many atoms are in 0.10 mol of H 2 SO 4 ? 0.10mol 6.02 x molec 7 atoms 1 mol 1 molec = 4.2 x atoms Note: the number of atoms in a molecule is a counting number, not a measurement!

How many atoms are in 1.50 mol of calcium carbonate? CaCO mol 6.02 x molecs 5 atoms 1 mol 1 molec = 4.52 x atoms

Exercise Determine the number of atoms in 0.65 mol Mg(OH) x atoms

MOLE MAP Mult by MM Divide by MM X by 6.02 x Divide by 6.02 x Mult by Atoms per molec Divide by Atoms per molec

Mass to Molecules How many molecules are present in 60.0g of NaOH? Find the molar mass of NaOH and set up your table 60.0g 1 mol 6.02 x molec 40.0g 1 mol = 9.03 x molec

How many molecules are present in 5.00g of magnesium sulphate? 5.00g 1 mol 6.02 x molec 120.4g 1 mol = 2.50 x molec

Mass to Atoms How many atoms would be present in 4.50g of copper (II) chloride Find the formula and MM for copper (II) chloride 4.50g 1 mol 6.02 x molec 3 atoms 134.5g 1 mol 1 molec = 6.04 x atoms

Exercise How many carbon atoms would be present in 795.0mg of acetic acid? 0.795g 1 mol 6.02 x molec 2 atoms 60.0g 1 mol 1 molec = 1.60 x carbon atoms

Moles and Volumes of Gases 1.0 mole of any gas will occupy a volume of 22.4L at STP STP = Standard Temperature and Pressure Standard Temperature = 0 degrees C Standard Pressure = 1 atmosphere

Moles to Volume How much space does moles of H 2 gas take up at STP? mol 22.4L 1 mol = 12.6 L

Volume to Moles How many moles in 18.7L of CH 4 gas (methane) at STP? 18.7L 1 mol 22.4L = moles

Mass to Volume What would be the volume of 90.0g of H 2 gas at STP? 90.0g 1 mol 22.4L 2.0g 1 mol = 1008 = 1.0 x 10 3 L

MOLE MAP Mult by MM Divide by MM X by 6.02 x Divide by 6.02 x Mult by Atoms per molec Divide by Atoms per molec Mult By 22.4L Divide By 22.4L