External Fixation: How to Make It Work by Bruce H. Ziran, Wade R. Smith, Jeff O. Anglen, and Paul Tornetta J Bone Joint Surg Am Volume 89(7):1620-1632.

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Presentation transcript:

External Fixation: How to Make It Work by Bruce H. Ziran, Wade R. Smith, Jeff O. Anglen, and Paul Tornetta J Bone Joint Surg Am Volume 89(7): July 1, 2007 ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Representation of different types of fixator constructs. Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Clinical photograph of a ring fixator in the completely dynamic mode. Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Clinical photograph of an elbow damage-control frame. Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Diagram of pin placement into the pelvis. Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Schematic of a tibial frame. Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Schematic of a knee frame. Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

A loose calcaneal transfixion pin associated with infection (left) and a pin inserted posteriorly and attached to a u-shaped bar or ring (right). Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Three pins, with no associated infection, with pin clips that were used to hold the dressings in place. Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Suppuration around a pin that requires aggressive treatment. Bruce H. Ziran et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007;89: ©2007 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.