Aviation human factors (AHF 2203)

Lesson Timeline 30 Credit hours per semester AHF 2203 – Aviation Human Factors 30 Credit hours per semester Class duration: (2 hrs & 15min/week) Week 1-14: Lecture Week 8-9: Mid term test & public Speaking Week 15: Study Week Week 16-17: Final Exam

Mid Term Test: 10% Public Speaking: 10% Assignment: 20% Results Mid Term Test: 10% Public Speaking: 10% Assignment: 20% Final Exam: 60% Total: 100%

Standard Grading Scale for University/College Mark Grade Grade Points (80–100) A 4.00 (75-79) A- 3.67 (70-74) B+ 3.33 (65-69) B 3.00 (60-64) B- 2.67 (55-59) C+ 2.33 (50-54) C 2.00 (45-49) C- 1.67 (40-44) D 1.00 (0-39) F 0.00

GPA Calculation Credit Hours Grade Grade Points 3 B (3.00) 9.00 4 12.00 Total Cr Hrs: 14 Total: 42.00 GPA: 42/14=3.00

References Lecturer slides and notes (will be distributed through email) AMC Text Book Internet: Suggested Websites: http://www.cavalrypilot.com/fm1-301/ http://www.pilotfriend.com/aeromed/medical/environment.htm http://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Category:Human_Factors

Introduction to Aviation Human Factors

Syllabus Atmosphere and Oxygen Requirement (Circulation System & Respiratory System) Human Physiology and Effect in Flight Cabin pressurization (Decompression Hypoxia, Hyperventilation G Force Vision in flight (Spatial Disorientation, Day and Night Time) Air sickness / Motion Sickness (Ear drum, Nausea, Thrombosis) Affect of alcohol on humans General Health (Jet Lag, Adequate Sleep, Effect of lack of sleep) Stress (Symptoms, Causes and Effect Medical Class for Aircrew 4/27/2017 Zuliana Ismail

Course Objectives Provide knowledge to students the general factors in aviation medicine affecting humans in atmosphere for understanding and prevention purposes. Students should be able to appreciate the causes of certain aviation sickness and their precautionary needed to overcome them. 4/27/2017 Zuliana Ismail

Course Synopsis This module provide the knowledge or how people, crew and passengers are affected when flying in high altitude. The ability to know how behaviors of human beings in aircrafts, students will be able to understand the needs of passengers in an aircrafts. 4/27/2017 Zuliana Ismail

Physiological Zones of the Atmosphere SPACE EQUIVALENT ZONE: 50,000 feet and above 63,000 ft 50,000 DEFICIENT ZONE: 10,000 to 50,000 feet 18,000 ft 10,000 EFFICIENT ZONE: Sea level to 10,000 feet

PRESSURE Vs. ALTITUDES ALTITUDE PRESSURE FEET mm/HG ATMOSPHERES 0 760 1 18,000 380 1/2 34,000 190 1/4 48,000 95 1/8 63,000 47 1/16

Composition of the Air 21% O2 78% N2 78 % - Nitrogen (N2) 1% Other 78 % - Nitrogen (N2) 21 % - Oxygen (O2) 1 % - Other ( Argon, CO2)

Components of the Circulatory System

Function of Respiratory Intake of Oxygen [O2] Removal of Carbon Dioxide [CO2] Maintenance of body heat balance Maintenance of body acid base balance [pH]

Phases of Respiration Active Phase INHALATION Passive Phase EXHALATION Breathing in Breathing out Active Phase INHALATION Passive Phase EXHALATION 20

Cabin Pressurization Systems Cabin pressurization is the active pumping of compressed air into an aircraft cabin when flying at altitude to maintain a safe and comfortable environment for crew and passengers in the low outside atmospheric pressure. Pressurization is essential over 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) to prevent crew and passengers from becoming unconscious through the lack of oxygen (hypoxia) in the thin air above that altitude.

Oxygen Requirements If pressurization is lost above 14,000’, an immediate descent will be made to a cabin pressure altitude of 10,000’ or below.

Hypoxia Lack of oxygen, especially resulting from an inability of body tissue to absorb oxygen under decreasing partial pressure at high altitudes. Can cause personality changes, impairment of basic senses, dizziness, unconsciousness and death will follow if oxygen lack continues.

Hypoxia Effects Time of Oxygen 1 Minute 2 Minutes 3 Minutes 4 Minutes Put Back on Oxygen

G-Force: Gravitational force +G: Blackout -G: Red out