1 st Semester Exam Review 50 M/C 6 Short Answers- 2 points each 1 Extended Response- 4 points each

I. Geography & Government Comparing Health Life Expectancy- How old does one live. Higher=Better Infant Mortality- # of infants who die before the age of 1. Lower=Better Hospital Beds & Physicians Types of Government Absolute Monarch- King/Queen, no freedoms/rights. Divine Right Dictatorship- One ruler, No Freedoms, Secret Police Junta- Military leaders, no freedoms Democracies- People rule, government power is from people, elections 7 M/C & 1 SA

II. Enlightenment Ideas From Scientific Revolution- Apply Reason Natural Rights/Laws- All people free, Life, Liberty & Pursuit of Happiness People control Government, Change Bad Governments Enlightenment Documents: Common Sense, Declaration of Independence, & Declaration of the Rights of Man Thinkers John Locke- Natural Rights, Gov’t protect natural rights. Representative Democracy Thomas Hobbes- social contract, strong central gov’t, people evil. Absolute Monarchy Jean Jacques Rousseau- wrote Social Contract, people good- society bad. Direct Democracy Baron de Montesquieu- Separation of Powers, Representative Democracy 6 M/C & 1 SA

III. Revolutions Part I General Info Why have revolutions? Civil Disobedience- non- violence- break unjust laws Be able to compare & contrast revolutions Political Revolution= Revolution with major change in government- American, French & Latin American American Revolution Early Non-Violence: 1. Boycotts 2. Pamphlets- Common Sense 3. Speeches 4. Boston Tea Party Causes: 1. Stamp Act & Intolerable Acts 2. Enlightenment 3. Boston Tea Party 4. Boston Massacre Effects 1. Influenced Other Revolutions 2. Spread Democratic Ideas 10 M/C, 1 SA, 1 ER

Revolutions Part 2 French Revolution 1. Causes: Taxes on 3 rd Estate- 98% of Population & Inequality amongst Estates American Revolution Start: Storming of Bastille 2. Effects: Middle Class Gain Power Nationalism Spread of Revolutionary Ideas 3. Napoleon- military leader who brought stability to post-revolutionary France 4. Congress of Vienna- After Napoleon's defeat in restored monarchies to power, stabilized Europe. Latin American Revolution 1. Causes: Successful Revolutions in USA & France Spain Weakened by Napoleon Creoles & Mestizos Upset with Spanish 1. Leaders: Toussaint L’Overture- Against France Simon Bolivar- against Spain

IV. Industrial Revolution Go from handmade, highly skilled workers, to machine made- low skill workers Agrarian Revolution- more food, fewer farmers needed- more workers for factories Needs of Industrialism 1. Big Population (Workers) 2. Natural Resources 3. Transportation Textile Industry is first Industrialized Why does it start in England? 1. Geography- Resources 2. Capital- Money 3. Population Growth 4. Technology Importance of Coal: 1. Ran Steam Engines 2. Used in Factories & Transportation 3. Factories located near mines 13 M/C & 3 SA

Industrial Revolution part 2 Labor Unions- formed to address working conditions- gave a united front to factory owners Railroads- move goods & people faster, farther & cheaper

Effects of the Industrial Revolution Positive More & Cheaper Goods Rise of Middle Class Class Movement Importance of Education Urbanization Negative Child Labor Poor Working Conditions Unsanitary Conditions in Cities Lower class= no movement Imperialism (Search for New Markets & Resources)

V. Imperialism The take over or control of another nation or territory New Imperialism- take over for raw materials & markets for industrialism. Also as a symbol of power & prestige Imperialism in China 1. China wants isolationism 2. Divided into Spheres of Influences- economics 3. Boxer Rebellion attempt by Chinese to remove foreigners and their influences Imperialism in Africa 1. The Great Game- Africa divided amongst European Powers in 1800s. 2. “White Man’s Burden” “Civilize Primitives” 12 M/C

VI. Causes of WWI Nationalism 1. Strong Pride in Country 2. Desire for your own country 3. Balkans Imperialism 1. Taking over other countries 2. Need for Bigger Militaries 3. Tensions over colonies Militarism 1. Pride in Military Might 2. Arms Races 3. Might = Right Alliances 1. Defense treaties 2. Entangling Alliances- one spark leads to WWI Archduke Franz Ferdinand- Assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia 2 M/C & 1 ER

Test Strategies Be On Time Bring Pencil Answer correct question Short & Extended Response: 1. Complete sentences 2. Answer all parts of question 3. Answer what is asked 15% of grade- no floor Study Session- may stop in morning of exam- let me know day before.