River Landforms represented on O.S. Maps
V-Shaped Valley A V-shaped valley
Showing Interlocking Spurs
Waterfall Example of a waterfall
Meander Examples Showing meanders
Lacustrine delta Lacustrine Delta
Exam Questions
Glacial Landforms represented on O.S. Maps
Truncated spurs Before glaciation, relatively immature rivers display a pattern of interlocking spurs. A valley glacier cannot avoid the interlocking spurs as a river can. As the valley glacier moves, abrasion and plucking erode the protruding tips of the spurs, leaving steep cliff-like truncated spurs. Hanging valleys are found in between truncated spurs as they join the main glacial valley from the side. It is common for waterfalls to form from them, where they fall into the main valley. Such truncated spurs can be found in mountainous regions.