Classification of Animals Zoology Mrs. McCarthy Monday, March 07, 2016.

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Presentation transcript:

Classification of Animals Zoology Mrs. McCarthy Monday, March 07, 2016

I.History of Classification A. Over 1.5 million species have been named B. < 20% of all species are identified C. Taxonomy – classifying organisms D. Systematics – the science of both taxonomy & evolutionary biology

E. Aristotle – classified animals based on simple similarities Example: Land, air, or water animals

F. John Ray – developed modern concept of species 1.Species interbreed and produce fertile offspring

G. Linnaeus – father of modern classification 1.Hierarchical system 2.Taxon, taxa – major group divisions 3.Goes from general to specific

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species

4. Binomial nomenclature – 2 name naming system for scientific names a. Genus species b. Genus is always a noun c. Species is an adjective Examples: Felis domesticus – domesticated cat Canis familiaris – familiar dog

5. Authority – person who first names a species Didelphis marsupialis Linnaeus, 1758 Opossum Who published it The year

H. Organisms classified mainly by similarities 1.Some based on symmetry a.Assymetrical – not divided into equal parts b.Radial – arranged concentrically, can be “cut like a pie” c.Bilateral – two equal halves

Types of Symmetry Asymmetrical Radial Bilateral

II.Biogenetic Law A. Ontogeny Recapitulates Phylogeny 1.Ontogeny – development of an organism 2.Recapitulates – repeats 3.Phylogeny – evolutionary history B.Individual development repeats evolutionary descent

Zygote Single celled organism Blastula Colonies of protozoa GastrulaJellyfish like animals

III.Classification keys A. Keys are used to identify named organisms B. Dichotomous keys use two contrasting statements to narrow down the characteristics of an organism

IV.Human Classification You must know your own classification for the quiz! Spelling counts! Kingdom – Animalia Phylum – Chordata Class – Mammalia Order – Primata Family – Hominidae Genus – Homo Species - sapiens

V.Homework Classification worksheet Quiz on classification on FRIDAY