Test Review
Open Vs. Closed Circulatory System
Open Circulatory system does not have a closed network of vessels Mixes blood and body fluid Closed Circulatory system Has a closed network of vessels More efficient
What are the 4 main components of blood?
Red Blood Cells – carry oxygen to the body tissues White Blood Cells – use phagocytosis to fight infections and disease Platelets – initiate blood clots Plasma – liquid inside the blood vessels, transports the cells and nutrients/waste
What are the 5 steps of phagocytosis?
Engulfment by endocytosis Formation of the phagosome Phagosome/lysosome merger = phagolysosome Killing and digestion Exocytosis Exception?
Platelets Initiate blood clots Adhesion Activation Aggregation Good & Bad blood clots Aspirin?
What are the 3 main types of blood vessels?
Arteries Carry blood Away from the heart Veins Carry blood to the Heart Capillaries Site of exchange between the blood vessels and body tissues
Capillaries Very small blood vessels Blushing? Easily broken Bruising
What is the difference between a human heart and a frog heart?
Frog Hearts have 3 chambers while human hearts have 4 What does this mean for the blood? Which is more efficient?
Systemic and Pulmonary circuit
Systemic circuit leads to the body Aorta Superior and Inferior Vena Cava Pulmonary circuit leads to the lungs Pulmonary Arteries Pulmonary Veins
How does the heart pump blood?
Diastole Heart “at rest” while the atria fill with blood Atria contract and push the blood into the ventricles Systole Ventricles contract and push the blood into the blood vessels to be transported to the lungs and body
How does the circulatory system help the body maintain homeostasis?
Preventing blood loss Regulating internal temperature
Bruising Small capillaries are broken and begin bleeding Platelets initiate clotting The colours we see are the different types of cells involved in clotting