PRINCIPLES of GOVERNMENT Parties and Party Systems Topic.2 History of Political Parties

TODAY’s SCHEDULE 1.Finish / Wrap up Political Issues Project 2.Gallery Walk & Debrief 3.Lecture: History of Political Parties 4.Reading: Ch.5 Topic 4 – Minor Parties

POLITICAL ISSUE 1.Review and Finish Political Issues: a. Slogan b. Bumper Sticker c. Pamphlet 2. Set-up a Table 3. Gallery Walk it & Record thoughts

1.U.S. Political Parties: Beginnings George Washington against political parties  “parties serve their own interests”  “parties not beneficial to American people” Parties formed after his exit: 1.Democratic-Republicans 2. Federalists

2.U.S. Political Parties: Beginnings Federalists  Supported strong national govt.  Supported economy based on industry  Power in hands of wealthy and educated  Led by Alexander Hamilton

3.U.S. Political Parties: Beginnings Democratic-Republicans  Supported states rights  Supported economy based on agriculture  Power in hands of all people  Led by Thomas Jefferson

4.U.S. Political Parties: Beginnings Federalists Breakup  Federalists gradually disappear – no political momentum  John Adams only party member to be elected President  Supporters formed new party: Whig Party ( )

5.U.S. Political Parties: Beginnings  Mid 1820’s: Democratic- Republicans breaking up  Democratic Party formed to continue representing small farmers and working people  Whig Party formed in opposition to Andrew Jackson  Supported the supremacy of Congress over the Presidency favored a program of modernization banking and economic protectionism to stimulate manufacturing  It appealed to entrepreneurs and planters, but had little appeal to farmers or unskilled workers.

6.U.S. Political Parties: Beginnings 1850’s: Democratic Party and Whig Party split over slavery  Pro-slavery voters form Democratic Party  Whigs and anti-slavery Democrats formed Republican Party

7.U.S Political Parties: Beginnings Republican Party  1860: Abe Lincoln becomes 1 st Republican President  Emerges as stronger of 2 parties after Civil War  :Only 2 Democratic Presidents elected  Grover Cleveland  Woodrow Wilson

8.U.S. Political Parties: Modern Characteristics Democratic Party –Tends to Attract  Working people (blue collar)  Liberals  Catholics  Minorities  Union Members  People in favor of govt. involvement in social policies

9.Democratic Party Issues Abortion:  Pro Choice  Favors contraceptive education to prevent necessity of abortion Environment:  Support stronger environmental laws and protection of nature  Push for cleaner air and water  Support funding for preservation (Everglades in FL; Redwoods in CA, etc…)

10.Democratic Party Issues LGBT Rights:  Should be protected from workplace discrimination and hate crimes  Should be given equal work benefits like more traditional families Gun Control:  Strong advocates for gun control  Supported both the Brady Bill and the Assault Weapons Ban

11.Democratic Party Issues Worker’s Rights:  Favor labor unions and workers rights Includes right to organize free from harassment and the right to challenge employers for disability and discrimination cases.  Support worker movements to increase the minimum wage and worker benefits Women’s Rights:  Fighting to ratify the Treaty of the Rights of Women  Support Equal Pay for Equal Work

12.Democratic Party Issues Health Care:  Push for more Heath Care funding (Medicare, Children’s Health Insurance Program)  In favor of program to ensure all Americans have quality, affordable health care. (100% government funded) Education:  More funding for struggling schools is necessary  Highly critical of No Child Left Behind, which has been under funded  Tax money should not be used on religious schools

13.Democratic Party Issues Foreign Policy:  Generally much more supportive of international agencies than are Republicans – support NATO and the UN  More skeptical of the Bush Administration’s rush to war than were the Republicans  Very skeptical of the handling of the reconstruction of Iraq

14.Democratic Party Issues Social Security:  Fundamental right of Americans  Best way to protect is to maintain federal government control  Largely oppose privatizing Welfare:  Support increased child care for welfare recipients so they are more able to work steady jobs  Support funding for job training so recipients will be more competitive in the job market

15.U.S. Political Parties: Modern Characteristics Republican Party –Tends to attract  Businesspeople (white collar)  Protestants  Conservatives  Non-minorities  Non-union supporters  People against govt.involvement in social policies

16.Republicans Party Issues Abortion: Pro-life; Anti- Choice  Prefers funding go towards marriage education and abstinence only campaigns  Have tried several times to pass statutes that would allow prosecution of acts that harm fetuses LGBT Rights:  Against giving gays equal rights in the eyes of the law  “We do not believe sexual preference should be given special legal protection or standing in law”  Oppose idea of gay marriage; seek to define marriage as union between man and woman  Supports amendment to the Constitution defining marriage

17.Republicans Party Issues Environment:  Favor the exploration of all resources in the U.S. for energy production and have generally opposed looking for more environment-friendly power alternatives  Pushed for oil drilling in ANWR, the building of more nuclear power plants, a shift towards the use of coal, and have submitted proposals that would weaken the Clean Air Act

18.Republicans Party Issues Gun Control:  Favors allowing the sale of firearms to proceed more easily, and with fewer safety precautions  Opposes any new gun-control laws  Fought the regulation and banning of assault weapons Health Care:  Believes health care should work within the free market system where competition will lower the costs of healthcare (no federal govt. involvement)  Opposes ACHCA (Obama Care)

19.Republicans Party Issues Foreign Policy:  Have brushed aside international organizations in favor of unilateral policy of preemption  Bush Doctrine supports preemptive invasion when necessary to protect the security of the U.S.  Argue that the use of American military force is essential for keeping the world safe for Democracy

20.Republicans Party Issues Education:  Support both the “No Child Left Behind” program and the school vouchers  Favor school vouchers because they think that by giving students more educational options, including religious schooling, a competitive market will be created Argue public schools will be forced to improve in order to retain students

21.Republicans Party Issues Social Security: Favor privatization of social security  Citizens will be able to opt to place portions of money that would have gone into Social Security into other types of accounts.  Accounts will give the opportunity to play the stock market in an attempt to increase returns. (takes away Federal responsibility) Welfare:  Favors increasing the mandatory work week for those receiving government assistance  Support cuts in child care and training funding while pushing $200 million for marriage education  Pushing for more funding for religious organizations and charities, which then will be responsible to caring for our nation’s poor

22.Republicans Party Issues Workers’ Rights:  Favor the rights of businesses to maximize profits  Favors workers and management working together to do what is in the best of all involved; no outside influences (against Labor Unions)  Believes Labor Unions restrict production of businesses; sees it as a regulation of business

How To Tell Em Apart Republicans usually wear hats. Ronald Reagan Democrats usually don’t Jimmy Carter

How To Tell Em Apart Republicans form censorship committees, and then read them. Barbara Bush Democrats buy banned books. Bill Clinton

How To Tell Em Apart On Saturday, Republicans head for the golf course, the yacht club, or the hunting lodge. President Dwight D. Eisenhower hunting President George W. Bush yachting and golfing.

How To Tell Em Apart Democrats get a haircut, wash the car, or go bowling. A younger Bill Clinton bowling

How To Tell Em Apart Republicans have guest rooms. Democrats have spare rooms filled with old baby furniture.

How To Tell Em Apart Republicans sleep in twin beds – some even in separate rooms.

How To Tell Em Apart That is why there are more Democrats. The Kennedy Family