Revising Paragraphs Shaping for Readers’ Access. Revising Paragraphs Essay readers expect to see in an essay: ◦ An Introduction (with a thesis) ◦ A body.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Hooks, Transitions, Conclusions
Advertisements

Overview of Writing By Maram Alabdulaaly From: Mosaic Writing 1, Gold edition, by Meredith Pike-Baky and Laurie Blass. Interactions Writing 2, Gold edition,
Writing.
CREED GREER UNIVERSITY WRITING PROGRAM DIAL CENTER FOR WRITTEN AND ORAL COMMUNICATION Writing in the Social Sciences Building Strong Paragraphs: Writing.
Cause-Effect Essay Introduction The cause-effect essay explains why or how some event happened, and what resulted from the event. The cause-effect essay.
Introductory Paragraphs
Compare and Contrast format. Introduction Opening Statement: interesting fact, interesting statement about topic, an important quotation....attention.
English Skills, Chapter 18 by John Langan
Chapter 5: Developing Body Paragraphs
Expository Writing.
Chapter 3:.
Let’s Review Some Things, Class Days ‘til KPREP: 19.
Revisiting the 5-Paragraph Essay
Outline for a Five-Paragraph Essay. Paragraph 1: Introduction The introductory paragraph should include the following elements: Background information:
Thesis Statement.
COMPOSITION The Paragraph The Thesis Statement The Persuasive Five Paragraph Essay.
The Writing Process The process of writing varies for each individual who sets out to begin a task, however as a high school student, you are still developing.
1 The Elements of An Excellent Essay Title Introduction Thesis Statement Body Paragraph 1-3 Conclusion.
Transitions... in your essay. Transition Words & Phrases Use transition words and phrases to show the direction of your thoughts. Use transition words.
Understand About Essays What exactly is an essay? Why do we write them? What is the basic essay structure?
Writing an Expository Essay
The GED Essay Sheila R. McCurley.
Writing The Essay by Rebecca Bonheim. Brainstorm ideas Organize thoughts Write rough draft.
Writing a Thesis Statement A thesis statement that is too general serves no purpose! Always keep the statement specific.
Introduction, Body, and Conclusion
 Think of your essay as a math formula or steps that need to be taken to get to the finish line.  These steps can be written in any order as long as.
The Thesis Statement By Mimi Taylor. A Thesis Statement is NOT 1. a statement of fact Example – Automobile accidents account for the highest number of.
Technical Writing Iman ElMahallawi, BUE Introduction to Technical Writing 1 st Year Engineering Students Effective Writing.
PARTS OF THE ESSAY SOME DEFINITIONS Instructor: Mrs. Williams Course: ENG 1D.
DON’T FORGET THE TRANSITION! THESIS & ORGANIZATION.
Writing Essays. Essay – 3 main parts Introduction Introduction Body Body Conclusion Conclusion.
COMPOSING EFFECTIVE PARAGRAPHS Introduction to the 12 Sentence Paragraph.
THE ESSAY INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH ATTENTION GETTER THESIS STATEMENT PLAN OF DEVELOPMENT.
Transitions in writing So important but often overlooked.
The Writing Process I.5 Second Drafts (Revising).
Planning to Write  Pre-writing: We will use a pre-writing technique to generate ideas.  Plan, Part II: We will use sentence outlines to lay out essay.
REVIEW 12 SENTENCE PARAGRAPH. INTRODUCTION As you remember from our previous introduction to 5-paragraph essays, the a paragraph is a group of sentences.
Chapter 3 The Body Paragraphs. ■ Summary Planning the Body of Your Essay ■ informal outlines Composing the Body Paragraphs The Topic Sentence ■ supports.
Informative/Explanatory Essay Defining or Explaining Presenting Information.
Advanced English Writing (2) Instructor: Chun Mao Le
Compare/Contrast Essays
Coherence and Transitions Creating Unity Copyright lisa McNeilley, 2010.
Coherence & Cohesion – Page 50
Analytical Papers Organization. Analysis is what again? Break down the subject Observe the parts Evaluate –from a defined perspective: you’re observing.
Transitions Bridges between ideas and supporting points.
Writing a Compare and Contrast Essay Writing a Compare and Contrast Essay.
Mass Media English I Dr. Ruba Asbahi. Copyright 2008 PresentationFx.com | Redistribution Prohibited | Image © 2008 clix/sxc.hu | This text section may.
Informative Essay Outline Paragraph # 1 Introduction Paragraph # 2 Main idea/body 1 Paragraph # 3 Main idea/body 2 Paragraph # 4 Main idea/body 3 Paragraph.
A paragraph is a group of related sentences, which develop one main idea. PARAGRAPH.
Organization of Paragraphs
The Unity of an Essay. Unity Unity refers to each part of the essay and the larger whole An unified paper shows a clear relationship between the thesis.
UNITY To create unity in an essay, you need to ensure everything you write supports your thesis. Each paragraph should contain a topic sentence that relates.
Expanding our Knowledge of Writing Styles.  Has similar features as a narrative paragraph  Introduction, Body, Conclusion  First person  Main idea.
Essay Writing.
Informational Writing The “How and Why” of Writing.
The Writing Process.  Writing Process:  1. Prewriting  2. Drafting  3. Revising  4. Editing  5. Presenting x.
Chapter 4: From Paragraph to Essay
Expanding our Knowledge of Writing Styles. What are three things you remember about narrative writing?
Seizing the day One composition at a time…. Assessment Objectives for Paper 1 Candidates should be able to Communicate clearly and effectively to suit.
QUALITIES OF A GOOD PARAGRAPH. A good paragraph is like a miniature essay. It has a clear beginning, middle, and ending. Strong paragraphs combine focus.
A GUIDE TO WRITING WITH READINGS Chapter 14 The Process of Writing an Essay.
The Process of Essay Writing Prof. Falcone. The Title Give your essay an original title This is actually the last thing you will write.
FIVE PARAGRAPH ESSAY First paragraph introduces the thesis of the essay and directs us to the three main supporting details.
The Writing Process Unit 8. Stages of the Writing Process There are four stages to the Writing Process. There are four stages to the Writing Process.
Chapter 11: Writing the Essay What Is an Essay?
Understanding Paragraph and Essay Form
ESSAY REVIEW AW5.
Introductory Paragraphs
WRITING THE BODY.
HOW TO DEVELOP IDEAS IN PARAGRAPHS
Presentation transcript:

Revising Paragraphs Shaping for Readers’ Access

Revising Paragraphs Essay readers expect to see in an essay: ◦ An Introduction (with a thesis) ◦ A body section (with topic sentences), and ◦ A conclusion

Essay Structure Introductory Paragraph & Thesis Support Paragraphs with Topic Statements Concluding Paragraph

Revising Paragraphs Readers need to see that the paragraphs within the body of the essay – the support paragraphs – have their own similar shapes

Paragraph Structure Topic Sentence Supporting Details Transition to Next Idea

The Topic Statement The Topic Statement as Readers’ Framework ◦ Tells the readers what to look for  I hate Goonville summers because of the chiggers, ticks, scorpions, and rattlesnakes ◦ The Topic Statement as Writers’ Framework  Always take a definite stand; assert something significant  Abortion laws in our state discriminate against the poor.  How Audience and Purpose Determine a Topic Statement’s Focus

Paragraph Unity Each paragraph in an essay requires both external and internal unity ◦ External: when it belongs with all of the other paragraphs in the essay ◦ Internal: every sentence directly supports the topic statement

Signal Term A signal term is a key word or phrase that announces the viewpoint See Application 6.1, p. 110 ◦ The pressures of the sexual revolution are everywhere.  Signal term = everywhere

Signal Term (cont’d) High voltage from utility transmission lines can cause bizarre human and animal behavior. ◦ Signal term = behavior

Signal Term (cont’d) Nuclear power plants need stricter supervision

Signal Term (cont’d) Producers of television commercials have created a loathsome gallery of men and women, presumably, on Mr. and Mrs. America. ◦ Signal term = commercials

Signal Term (cont’d) From the very beginning of school, we make books and reading a constant source of possible humiliation. ◦ Signal term = reading

Signal Term (cont’d) High interest rates cripple the auto and housing industries. ◦ Signal term = high interest rates

Paragraph Coherence Every sentence follows a connected line of thought, like links in a chain, from the beginning of the paragraph to the end.

Paragraph Coherence Ordering for Coherence ◦ General-to-specific order ◦ Specific-to-general order ◦ Emphatic order ◦ Chronological order

Paragraph Coherence Parallelism & Repetition ◦ Similar grammatical structures and word order for similar items or for items of equal importance.  What is the shape of my life? The shape of my life today starts with a family. I have a husband, five children, and home just beyond the suburbs of New York, I have also a draft, writing, and therefore work I want to pursue. The shape of my life is, of course, determined by many other things – my background and childhood, my mind and its education, my conscience and its pressures, my heart and its desires. I want to give and take from my children and husband, to share with friends and community, to carry out my obligations to [humanity] and to the work, as a woman, as an artist, as a citizen.  - Anne Morrow Lindbergh

Paragraph Coherence Using Transitions for Coherence TRANSITIONRELATION X; meanwhile,Y X and Y are occurring at the same time X; however, Y Y is in contrast or exception to X X; moreover, Y Y is in addition to X X; consequently, Y Y is a result of X

Guidelines for Shaping Your Support Paragraphs Think of each support paragraph as a mini- essay (introduction, body, conclusion) Build each paragraph around a clear topic statement that supports your thesis and tells readers what to expect Focus the paragraph on one limited aspect of the thesis. Revise your topic statement as needed. Make the paragraph unified. Make the paragraph coherent.