/ Last class we talked about IONS…. / So, here’s another chemistry joke: / Two atoms bumped into each other recently. / One said: "Why do you look so sad?" / The other responded: "I lost an electron." / Concerned, One asked "Are you sure?" / The other replied "I'm positive." / Last class we talked about IONS…. / So, here’s another chemistry joke: / Two atoms bumped into each other recently. / One said: "Why do you look so sad?" / The other responded: "I lost an electron." / Concerned, One asked "Are you sure?" / The other replied "I'm positive."

The Periodic Table of the Elements

The Periodic Table / The periodic table is a tool of trade for all the elements that had been discovered. / The first periodic table was organized by Mendeleev. / Mendeleev’s table contained 63 elements. / The periodic table is a tool of trade for all the elements that had been discovered. / The first periodic table was organized by Mendeleev. / Mendeleev’s table contained 63 elements.

Mendeleev’s Table / He classified elements based on their mass, reactivity, density, and metallic properties. / He developed the periodic law, which states that “if elements are arranged according to mass, a pattern can be seen in which similar properties occur regularly.” / He classified elements based on their mass, reactivity, density, and metallic properties. / He developed the periodic law, which states that “if elements are arranged according to mass, a pattern can be seen in which similar properties occur regularly.”

The Modern Periodic Table / New elements were discovered since Mendeleev’s periodic table. / Changes had been made to the periodic table to eliminate inconsistencies. / Vertical columns of he periodic table are called groups or families. / New elements were discovered since Mendeleev’s periodic table. / Changes had been made to the periodic table to eliminate inconsistencies. / Vertical columns of he periodic table are called groups or families.

A Family

Groups/Families / Elements within a family share similar physical and chemical properties. / This is because each family has the same number of electrons in the outer shell. / These electrons are called valence electrons. / The shell they occupy is called a valence shell. / Elements within a family share similar physical and chemical properties. / This is because each family has the same number of electrons in the outer shell. / These electrons are called valence electrons. / The shell they occupy is called a valence shell.

The 5 Major Families Are: Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals ChalcogensHalogens Noble/ inert gases

MetalsNon metalsMetalloids

Inner Transition Elements Transition Elements Representative Elements

Alkali Metals - Group IA / They are the most reactive metals in the periodic table / They are so reactive that they are never found alone in nature / These elements must lose one electron to acquire a stable configuration / These elements form +1 ions /T/They are the most reactive metals in the periodic table /T/They are so reactive that they are never found alone in nature /T/These elements must lose one electron to acquire a stable configuration /T/These elements form +1 ions Li Na K Rb Cs Fr

Alkali Earth Metals - Group IIA / These are also reactive metals / They must lose 2 electrons to acquire a stable configuration / These elements form +2 ions. /T/These are also reactive metals /T/They must lose 2 electrons to acquire a stable configuration /T/These elements form +2 ions. Be Mg Ca Sr Ba Ra

Chalcogens - Group VIA / This family of elements gains two electrons to fill the outer shell / These elements form -2 ions /T/This family of elements gains two electrons to fill the outer shell /T/These elements form -2 ions O S Se Te Po

Halogens - Group VIIA / This family contains elements that gain one electron to fill their outer shells (-1 ions) / They are highly reactive. This family contains the most reactive non-metals / All halogens are diatomic molecules (they exist in pairs) / F 2, Cl 2, Br 2, I 2, At 2 /T/This family contains elements that gain one electron to fill their outer shells (-1 ions) /T/They are highly reactive. This family contains the most reactive non-metals /A/All halogens are diatomic molecules (they exist in pairs) /F/F 2, Cl 2, Br 2, I 2, At 2

Noble/Inert Gases / Are the most unreactive elements in the periodic table / They are very stable substances so they do NOT react / They have full outer/valence shells and do NOT lose or gain electrons /A/Are the most unreactive elements in the periodic table /T/They are very stable substances so they do NOT react /T/They have full outer/valence shells and do NOT lose or gain electrons He Ne Ar Kr Xe Rn

Hydrogen / Is considered a family of one since it can carry both metal and non-metal properties /I/Is considered a family of one since it can carry both metal and non-metal properties

Assignment / Page 20 Qs 1-5 And Page 21 Qs 1-7 / Homework Check tomorrow!! / Page 20 Qs 1-5 And Page 21 Qs 1-7 / Homework Check tomorrow!!