Nutrition

Introduction What is the first thing that comes to mind when you hear the word “nutrition”? Does this differ when you hear the word “food”? What about the word “diet”?

Food Why do you eat what you eat? Environment Health Senses Culture / Religion Genetics

Terminology Nutrients: “Any substance in food that the body can use to obtain energy, synthesize tissues, or regulate functions.” (Insel & Roth, 2010, Pg 11) – Essential Nutrients: Must be obtained by eating food

Nutrients Six classes of nutrients: – Carbohydrates – Lipids (fats) – Proteins – Vitamins – Minerals – Water

Key Terminology Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) – Adequate Intake (AI) Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) Daily Value (DV) Nutrient Dense Energy Dense – Calorie dense

Nutrition and Health (Kline, 2008)

Cells (Kline, 2008)

Energy What is one of the main reasons you eat food? – Energy! – Only three classes of nutrients supply energy – How is energy from food measured? Kilocalorie vs calorie

Introducing the Nutrients Energy in foods – Measured in kilocalories (kcal) Discovering Nutrition, 2010

Recommended Calorie Intake In General: However, everyone is different – Gender, age, body size & activity level all play a role. Men 2,500 – 2,800 Women 1,800 – 2,000 Children 1970 for boys 1740 for girls

How much energy do you need? Resting Metabolic Rate – Basal Metabolic Rate – Your body weight in pounds x 10 = BMR – You’ll need to factor your activity level BMR x 0.30 for moderate activity BMR x 0.40 – 0.60 for very physically active – Add BMR + activity for daily calorie needs

USDA Food Guides

History of USDA’s Food Guidance 1940s 1950s-1960s 1970s Food for Young Children 1916

Nutrient Density (Kline, 2008)