HISTORY - INDIA Your Name ______________________________ Period ______________ Unit 2 – India Lesson 4 – Early History of India

Periods of Early History in India 1.Age of the Dravidians (2500BC) - p. 171 (Indus Valley) 2.Aryan Invasion (1500BC) – p Maurya Empire ( BC) – Chandragupta Maurya - p. 183 Greek Invasion – Alexander the Great 4.Gupta Empire ( ) - Chandragupta – p Mongol Invasion (1400 and 1525) – Mughal Empire – p.187 European Invasion (1700) 6.British Raj (British Rule) (1875) – p. 195 Indian Independence (1950)

For each numbered dynasty… Find in the book information on them, and include: 1.Approx. dates of their control 2.A key name of a person (or people) 3.Something amazing they did 4.A description of their “personality” Maurya Empire – p. 183 Gupta Empire – p. 185

Indus River Valley Civilizations Dravidian Era (3000 B.C B.C.) dark skinned people (Dravidians) no written records: artifacts for studying polytheistic: worshipped animals CLOSE TO RIVER – Food – transportation

Aryans: fair skin racist: no mixing w/ Dravidians create caste system stories (Vedas) - passed down by oral tradition stories later written in Sanskrit Invasions and Integration (mixing) Dravidian Aryan

Quick Quiz 1.Why would a civilization appear near to a river? 2.How are Aryans different from Dravidians? 3.What is a Veda?

Muslim & Mongols (Mughals) Muslim Empire (750 – 1500) lower castes embraced Islam Gave rise to Sikhs: Muslims with adaptations of Hinduism Mughal Empire (1200s) Most famous: Shah Jihan Taj Mahal to Mumtaz Mahal (she had died after 14 th child) click

Click – History Channel (deconstructs the Taj)

Quick Quiz 1.Describe what the Taj looks like. 2.What IS the Taj Mahal? 3.How many people are IN the Taj today?

European Invasion 1. Age of European Imperialism (1500s – 1947) 1498 – Portugal 1707 – Dutch East India company French Mississippi Company British East India Company took Western Cities of India – hired SEPOYS to help in fight (Indian soldiers) 1857 – Sepoys rebelled – led to general rebellion 2. Britain annexed India Queen Victoria became EMPRESS VICTORIA Next 100 yrs – British ruled India forced Indian farmers to grow cash crops Was called the “BRITISH RAJ”

European Dominance of India

OPIUM TEA SPICES European Interest & Trade with India What did Europe see in India that was valuable?

Indian Assimilation The British built: Schools, hospitals, roads, railroads and forced Indians to grow “Cash Crops” The most educated learned to speak English, and act English The least educated were just left behind… and poor…

Rebellion by Indians Sepoy Rebellion, 1857 Sepoys were Indians hired to be soldiers British merchants hired them for protection British government started using them as military Sepoys rebelled The guns were loaded with cartridges Cartridges were coated with animal fat Indians didn’t want to bite into animals

Empress Victoria English Annexation of India (Start of the “British Raj”) Queen Victoria Britain saw the danger of trusting Sepoys as their main military in India British government annexed India Goal: greater control This ended Indian independence Indians would now be treated as slaves

Quick Quiz 1.What nation came to annex India? 2.What was a Sepoy? 3.Who is Victoria (to India)?