 Energy – _______________________________  Work and energy are closely related  Work – _________________________________  Energy and work measured in ____________.

 ______________________________________  The kinetic energy of any moving object depends upon its ________and ____________

 ______________________________________ ________________________________________  Plucking a guitar string  Two forms:  _________________

 Potential energy that depends upon an __________________________________  Lifting your gym bag up to the top of the bleachers

 _______________________________________ ________________________________________  Stretched rubber band

 Mechanical – ___________________________ ________________________________________  Speeding trains, bouncing balls, sprinting athletes  Thermal – ______________________________________________________________________  When objects are hot enough they emit visible light

 Chemical Energy – ______________________ ________________________________________  When bonds are broken, the released energy can do work  Cars use the energy stored in gasoline – ____________ ________________________________________________  Electrical Energy – __________________________ ___________________________________________  Batteries, lightning  Electromagnetic Energy – ____________________ ____________________________________________  Visible light, x-rays  Nuclear Energy – ___________________________  Nuclear power plant – nuclear _____________to produce electricity

 _______________________________________ ________________________________________  Energy conversion – process of changing energy from one form to another  Lighting a match

 Law of Conservation of Energy – ___________ ________________________________________  Energy can be converted from one form to another  Bicycle eventually stops on a flat surface – friction – work done by friction changes ______________________into ______________________

 Common conversion – potential to kinetic  The _________________________energy of an object is converted to the _______________energy of motion as the object falls  Gulls dropping oysters onto rocks

 Energy conversion in pendulums – _________ ________________________________________  Energy conversion in the pole vault – pole- vaulter sprints – _______________energy to ________________________as pole bends – pole springs back to shape  Energy conversion calculations – mechanical energy is the total _________________and _____________________energy of an object

 Einstein’s equation E = mc 2, says that mass and energy are equivalent and can be converted into each other  __________________________________________ __________________________________________

 _______________________________________________________________________________  Oil, natural gas, coal, uranium  Fossil fuels – ___________________________________________________________________________

 _______________________________________ ________________________________________  Hydroelectric, solar, geothermal, wind, biomass 1. Hydroelectric – ___________________________ ____________________________________________ 2. Solar energy – ____________________________ ____________________________________________ 3. Geothermal energy – _______________________ _________________________________________ 4. Biomass – ________________________________ _________________________________________

 Energy resources can be conserved by reducing energy needs and by increasing the efficiency of energy use  Energy conservation – ____________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________  Making appliances, cars, and even light bulbs more energy efficient