Chapter Nineteen India, China, and Japan: From Medieval to Modern Times Culture and Values Cunningham and Reich and Fichner-Rathus, 8th Ed.

Seated Buddha Expounding the Dharma, Late Anuradhapura period (750– 850), late 8th century Sri Lanka Copper alloy Seated Crowned and jeweled Buddha, Pala period (ca. 700–1200), late 10th century; Kurkihar style Bihar, India Bronze with silver, lapis lazuli, and rock- crystal inlays

The Qutb Minar

 Shiva as Lord of Dance (Nataraja), Chola period (ca. 860–1279), ca. 11th century, Tamil Nadu, India, Copper alloy; H. 26 7/8 in. (68.3 cm), Diam. 22 1/4 in. (56.5 cm)Gift of R. H. Ellsworth Ltd., in honor of Susan Dillon, 1987 ( )  Dilwara Jain Temple - Mount Abu

19.2 The Taj Mahal, Agra, India. Built 1632–1649

19.3 Basawan and Chatar Muni, Akbar and the Elephant Hawai, c. 1590

 The Gopis Beseech Krishna to Return Their Clothing: Page from the Dispersed "Isarda" Bhagavata Purana(Ancient Stories of Lord Vishnu), ca. 1560–65 India, probably Delhi–Agra area Ink and opaque watercolor on paper; 7 5/8 x 10 1/8 in. (19.4 x 25.7 cm) Gift of the H. Rubin Foundation, Inc ( )

View of a Mosque and Gateway in Motijhil Bengal, British period (1858– 1947), ca. 1814–23 Attributed to Sita Ram (Indian, active 1814–23) India, Bengal Opaque watercolor on paper; painting: H. 13 in. (33 cm), W. 19 1/4 in. (48.9 cm)

19.20 The Three Sacred Shrines at Kumano: Kumano Mandala, ca. 1300

19.22 Hasegawa Tohaku, Pine Forest, late 16 th century

19.23 Katsushika Hokusai, Under the Wave Off Kanagawa, c. 1831

Du hua “to read a painting” The integration of calligraphy, poetry, and painting, scholar artists for the first time combined the “Three perfections” in a single work of art.

Han Gan, Night-Shining White [Tang dynasty (618–907)], ca. 750

Zhao Mengfu, Groom and Horse, 1296, Handscroll, Ink and Color [Yuan dynasty (1271–1368)]

Zhao Mengfu, Twin Pines, Level Distance, [Yuan dynasty (1271–1368)], ca. 1300

techniques and formats of Chinese painting

Large Paintings – either on the wall or on silk, these works typically decorated palaces, temples and tombs. Hanging scroll – displayed vertically rather than horizontally, and displayed all at once rather than viewed piece by piece. The bottom roller of the scroll was usually weighted in order to help it hang. Handscroll – a handscroll was usually about 12 inches high and anywhere from a few feet to dozens of feet long. It could have scenes mounted on it like in an album book, or painted directly inside. The scroll could be set on a table and rolled out piece by piece, so the front would be set on the beginning of the roll, on the right, and the scroll would be read from this page to the left, rather than from left to right. The scroll was meant ot be read gradually, piece by piece rather than spread out and displayed all at once. Album/Album Leaf – an album leaf is a single painting from an album, which is a book where sets of paintings of identical size have been mounted (like a photo album). The paintings are usually related, like scenes from one period of travel or different views of a famous site.

Fan Kuan, Travelers Among Mountains and Streams, Northern Song Dynasty, 11th century, hanging scroll

Zhao Mengfu, Autumn Colors on the Qiao and Hua Mountains, Yuan Dynasty, handscroll. online at national museum

Fan Kuan, Travelers Among Mountains and Streams, Northern Song Dynasty, 11th century, hanging scroll

Zhao Mengfu, Autumn Colors on the Qiao and Hua Mountains, Yuan Dynasty. (details)

Ni Zhan, The Rongxi Studio, 1372, Yuan Dynasty, hanging scroll. Late Yuan Literati Painting

Yin Hong, Hundreds of Birds Admiring the Peacocks, late 15 th /early 16 th century. Ming Dynasty.

Shen Zhou, Poet on a Mountaintop, Leaf from an album of landscapes, mounted as part of a handscroll. Ming dynasty. C

19.7 Travelers Among Mountains and Streams, ca. 1000

LEFT: Pablo Picasso, 'Head of a Woman', 1907 (oil on canvas) RIGHT: Dan Mask from West Africa How African art influences European art and artists

Bamana People, Mail, N. W. Africa, Chiwara (antelope headdress, 20 th century, Wood

Comparison of the four major styles of The Chi Wara / Chiwara / Chi-Wara mask of the Bambara people of Mali. Left to right Abstract / Bougouni / Southern region style, Vertical/ Segu/ Northern region style, the Horizontal / Bamako / Northern region style, and the Abstract / Sikasso region style.

Yoruba Twin Figures, made by Akiode died 1936 Nigeria, 20 th c. wood

Animism From Latin anima "soul, life” - a set of beliefs based on the existence of non-human "spiritual beings" or similar kinds of embodied principles. Spirits embodied in the natural world Deep respect for nature and all living things Ancestral spirits Mediators = diviners, shamans and healers who use prayer, sacrifice, offering, ritual, or performance through (art) objects

Toguna (meeting center), Mali Dogon Culture

20.4 Altar of the Hand, Kingdom of Benin (Nigeria), late 19 th century