Chapter 2 Wrap Up 2/18/16 & 2/22/16

Topics Review for Exam I DecimalFormat More Style Conventions Debugging using eclipse The Java API

Exam I Next week  Th, 2/25/16  M, 2/29/16 Over Chapter 1, , 4.1 and 4.3, eclipse and linux Review material on my website

Class DecimalFormat Class DecimalFormat enables control of output  In java.text package.  Specify a string pattern to describe desired format double val = 1.23; DecimalFormat formatter = new DecimalFormat("0.000"); System.out.println(formatter.format(val)); Imagine! Java: Programming Concepts in Context by Frank M. Carrano, (c) Pearson Education - Prentice Hall, 2010

Class DecimalFormat 0 – digit, leading and trailing zeros # -- digit, no leading and trailing zeros % -- percentage $ -- at beginning displays dollar sign Imagine! Java: Programming Concepts in Context by Frank M. Carrano, (c) Pearson Education - Prentice Hall, 2010

Class DecimalFormat Figure 4-7 Examples of patterns used with class DecimalFormat Imagine! Java: Programming Concepts in Context by Frank M. Carrano, (c) Pearson Education - Prentice Hall, 2010

Previous Style Conventions Class names begin with upper case Method names and variable names begin with lower case Braces  eclipse puts open brace on the line with the heading  Line up indentation of the closing brace with whatever it is ending.  End brace commented(optional) Lines within braces indented Skip lines for readability (white space)

More Conventions from 2.10 Each statement on its own line. A blank line can separate groups of statements, but related statements usually have no blank lines between them. Arithmetic operators and = separate by one space. No space precedes an ending semicolon or ( ). Variable/parameter names are descriptive, use at least two words.  exceptions for loop indices (i, j), or math items like point coordinates (x, y).

More Conventions from 2.10 Constants use upper case and underscores (and at least two words) Variables usually defined early (not within code), and initialized to be safe (if practical). Lines of code are typically less than 100 characters wide. Look at GramsToOuncesStyle.java

Questions In the following program give an example of something that is not properly named. Give an example of bad indentation. What is wrong with the println statement?

Copy This Program and Fix the Style public class ShippingCalculator { public static void main (String [] args) { int shipWeightPounds = 10; int shipCostCents; final int FLAT_FEE_CENTS = 75 ;final int centsPerPound=25 ; shipCostCents = FLAT_FEE_CENTS + shipWeightPounds * centsPerPound; System.out.println("Weight(lb): " + shipWeightPounds + ", Flat fee(cents): " + FLAT_FEE_CENTS + ", Cents per pound: " + centsPerPound + ", Shipping cost(cents): " + shipCostCents); return; }

Debugging in Eclipse 2.8 Syntax Errors  Caught by the Editor. Logic Errors  Bad Results  Can use diagnostic prints to examine variables  In eclipse you can exam the contents of variable

Debugging in Eclipse OuncesToGrams Example, 1.5 oz → g 1)Set a break point in the program near a possible bug. Right click in margin left of code Can right click again to untoggle 2)Run the program with “Debug as” Click yes when dialog box appears Gets you into Debug mode 3)Use box in upper right to examine variables.

Debugging in Eclipse 4)Use buttons to execute one statement at a time. Step-into Step-over for java methods 5)Click “Java” on top tool bar to get back to normal mode.

Questions How do you toggle a breakpoint in eclipse? How do you get into Debug mode? Why would you want to examine a variable's contents? What is the difference between step-into and step-over?

Java API 2.7 Google “Java API” Oracle owns the language. Use API to look up a class.  e.g. Scanner Can see what methods it has.

Lab Copy the program on slide #12 into eclipse. Fix style problems in the program. Set a break point in the above program. Use the debugger to examine the shipCostCents variable's contents while the program is executing. Get into a web browser and find the Java API. – Find the method in the String class that lets you know the length of a String.

Exam Next Week Don't forget your notes! Good Luck!