The Age of Nationalism The Age of Nationalism The Crimean War and Napoleon III AP Euro 11.1

Crimean War ( ) Dispute over the lands of the crumbling Ottoman empire –France signed a deal to gain control over Holy Lands –Russia had a previous treaty allowing protection over Greek Orthodox Christians in Ottoman Empire Both just wanted control of the land

The fight begins with... Russia vs. The Ottoman Empire Then France Then Great Britain And even... Piedmont Sardinia!

1856 Treaty of Paris 1856 Russia outgunned Nicolas I dies, son takes over Alexander II sues for peace Black Sea to become neutral –no military bases –no naval warships Ends Russian attempts at Ottoman lands

Louis Napoleon Bonaparte And the Second Republic

Election of 1848 Pamphlet Campaign –vague ideas about ending poverty and bringing back Napoleonic times 5.4 million votes to 1.4 for Cavignac –seen as the least of the worst

Two Reigns of Louis Napoleon The Dictator The Liberal Empire

The President 1849 sends troops to support the Pope –conservative move that gains support of Catholics –begins to make gains in National Assembly 1851 contests National Assembly law that limits Presidents to one term –Dismisses National Assembly

The Emperor Asks the people of France to elect him President for 10 years –92% vote yes –historians debate the integrity of the results 1852 asks the people to name him hereditary emperor –97% vote yes

The Good News Economy takes off in 1850’s Rebuilds Paris Unemployment declines Gains support in elections

The Bad News Increased censorship One sided politics Nationalist at heart –drives many of his decisions Ex - Carbonari –fighters for Italian Unification –makes Catholics upset Pope didn’t want unification 1859 Supports Sardinia against Austria –fights Austria –gains Savoy and Nice

The Liberal Empire ( ) Legalizes unions and strikes Decreases censorship Increases opposition and their rights Why? –Always looking to get the people’s support –Win the next election the people wanted liberal change so did his opponents

The Prussian Threat 1866 doesn’t come to the aid of Austria 1870 Spanish Throne Issue –Hohenzollern or No? Ems Dispatch –insult to both Prussia and France

Franco Prussian War (July May 1871) Prussia punishes France Capture Louis Napoleon at Battle of Sedan (1870) –people of Paris call for new Republic –Napoleon III is voted out of power –dies 1873 in exile in England Napoleon III and Bismark