Copy this chart on the top 1/3 of your paper and write as many things as you can about the following terms Skeleton Bones Skeletal System

THE SKELETAL SYSTEM - NOTES Skeletal System Parts: bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments Functions: maintain body shape protects organs provides levers for movement mineral storage blood cell formation

Skeletal System connective tissues: living cells in a matrix LIVING CELLS MATRIX bone cells calcium, phosphorus, collagen cartilage cells collagen and ground tissue tendons & ligaments parallel collagen fibers

Bone Classification by Shape LONG BONE EX: humerus

SHORT BONE EX: trapezoid (bone in wrist)

FLAT BONE EX: sternum

IRREGULAR BONE EX: vertebra

SESAMOID BONE patella (knee cap)

Anatomical Features of Long Bones DIAPHYSIS shaft EPIPHYSIS end of the bone EPIPHYSEAL PLATE (or EPIPHYSEAL LINE) site of bone growth – bones grow from their ends diaphysis epiphysis epiphyseal plate

MEDULLARY CAVITY location: in diaphysis filled with yellow marrow (adipose tissue)

PERIOSTEUM outer covering of bone – tough connective tissue contains blood vessels & nerves

Anatomical Features of COMPACT BONE location: diaphysis solid matrix & tightly packed cells made up of OSTEONS or HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS

OSTEOCYTES bone cells – supplied by Haversian Canals with blood CANALICULI tiny canals that connect osteocytes together LAMELLAE thin rings of bone that serve to anchor bone cells

Anatomical Features of SPONGY BONE bone is not really “spongy” or soft, it only “looks” spongy Location: epiphysis made of TRABECULAE interconnecting rods of bone

spaces in trabeculae filled w/red marrow no Haversian Canals lighter than compact bone

BONE MARROW cells produced from within bones red marrow produces blood cells yellow marrow adipose tissue – stores fat (energy)