Layers of the EARTH. Earth’s Layered Structure Layers Defined by Composition 8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure  Earth’s interior consists of three major.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Earthquakes and Earth’s Interior
Advertisements

Earth’s Layered Structure
Earth’s Interior.
Warm Up 12/4 When does liquefaction occur?
Earth’s Interior A RGHYA G OSWAMI (R AJ ), P OSTDOC
Pg. 25.  After Earth formed, radioactive elements decayed and heat was released  Caused melting of interior  Denser elements sank to core (iron and.
Lecture Outlines PowerPoint
Chapter 12 Earth’s Interior
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Earth Science, 13e Tarbuck & Lutgens.
Lecture Outlines PowerPoint
1. Please get your homework out. 2. Homework: Read pages , Cornell notes, vocabulary, and key concepts. 3. Bell Ringer Quiz: 1. What is a.
Earthquakes.
Seismic waves- Earthquake waves travel differently as they move through different materials Through some materials they move straight, while others will.
Earthquakes and Earth’s Interior Chapter 8
Earth Science, 10e Edward J. Tarbuck & Frederick K. Lutgens.
© 2009 Pearson Prentice Hall This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their.
© 2009 Pearson Prentice Hall This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their.
Journey to the Center of the Earth
Earth’s Layered Structure
Basic Structure of the Earth
Chapter 12 Earth’s Interior
Earth’s Layered Structure.  Crust  Mantle  Core.
© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall Lecture Outlines PowerPoint Chapter 7 Earth Science 11e Tarbuck/Lutgens.
Earth’s Layered Structure (Ch. 8.4 in the Text)
Warm Up 10/21(22) When an earthquake occurs, energy radiates in all directions from its source, which is called the ____. a. fault c. seismic center.
Layers of the Earth. Objective SWBAT - Describe the interior of the Earth and where the magnetic field of the Earth is generated. Describe the differences.
What’s Inside?. The Earth’s Core – Almost as hot as the surface of the sun (due to radioactive decay) Escape of this inner heat drives geological activity.
Aim: How is Earth’s interior Structured? Do Now: Why do you think Earth has layers? What material do you think make up those layers?
8.4 Earth’s Layers. Layers by Composition Earth’s interior consists of three major zones defined by its chemical composition. CrustMantleCore.
The Earth’s Structure A Journey to the Center of the Earth.
EARTH SCIENCE Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens 
Earthquakes Vibration of Earth produced by the rapid release of energy.
Chapter 12 Earth’s Interior
Warm Up Which of the following areas would most likely be the safest during a major earthquake? a. area with granite bedrock b. area with steep slopes.
11/26/14.  Made of up several layers  Studied in two ways:  Composition (elements)  Physical properties (temperature, density)  Three Physical layers.
8.4 – E ARTH ’ S LAYERED STRUCTURE Mrs. Guzman 2/6/13.
8.4: Earth’s Layered Structure
EARTH SCIENCE Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens 
STARTER 1. Differentiate between focus and epicenter of an earthquake. 2. Name the two categories of seismic waves and tell the type of material they move.
I. Layers Defined by Composition 8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure  A) Earth’s interior consists of 3 major zones (chemical composition).
The Structure of the Earth
Earth’s Layers G 103. General Information -Iron,Oxyge, Silicon, & Magnesium - Deepest drill 12 km -Radius of Earth 6371 km - How do we know about the.
Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE
TEMPERATURE  The deeper you go, the hotter it gets. & Celsius 4,000° C 4,000 km 2,000 km & kilometers 5,000° C 6,000 km F F mi.
Structure of the Earth A Hidden Story.
 Inner core, Outer core, Mantle asthenosphere, lithosphere, crust,
Chapter 12 Earth’s Interior. Probing Earth’s interior Most of our knowledge of Earth’s interior comes from the study of earthquake waves Travel times.
1. Crust- outermost layer of Earth’s interior that consists of solid rock.
Earth formed from comets & meteorites clumping together. Earth was so hot it was molten (liquid) & it is still cooling. How it all began (a little astronomy.
Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE
Inside the Earth Earth’s Structure
Layers of Earth.
Earth’s Interior.
8.4 – Earth’s Layered Structure
8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure
Earth’s Interior Structure
Layers of Earth.
Earth Layers.
Earth’s Layers Bellringer 10/13/14
Earth’s Interior.
Earth Layers.
8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure
Earth Layers.
Earthquakes and Earth’s Interior
Earths Interior and Layered Structure
EARTH’S LAYERED STRUCTURE
Layers of the Earth Layers.
Earth Layers.
Earth Systems: Interior of Earth
Inside the Earth.
Presentation transcript:

Layers of the EARTH

Earth’s Layered Structure

Layers Defined by Composition 8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure  Earth’s interior consists of three major zones defined by their chemical composition—the crust, mantle, and core. Thin, rocky outer layer  Crust Varies in thickness - Roughly 7 km in oceanic regions - Continental crust averages 8–40 km - Exceeds 70 km in mountainous regions

Layers Defined by Composition 8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure  Crust Continental crust - Upper crust composed of granitic rocks - Lower crust is more dense - Average density is about 2.7 g/cm 3 - Up to 4 billion years old

Layers Defined by Composition 8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure  Crust Oceanic crust - Basaltic composition - Density about 3.0 g/cm 3 - Younger (180 million years or less) than the continental crust

Discovering Earth’s Layers 8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure Velocity of seismic waves increases abruptly below 50 km of depth Separates crust from underlying mantle  Shadow Zone Absence of P waves from about 105 degrees to 140 degrees around the globe from an earthquake Can be e xplained if Earth contains a core composed of materials unlike the overlying mantle  Moho ˇ ´

Layers Defined by Composition 8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure  Mantle Below crust to a depth of 2900 kilometers Composition of the uppermost mantle is the igneous rock peridotite (changes at greater depths).

Layers Defined by Composition 8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure  Core Below mantle Sphere with a radius of 3486 kilometers Composed of an iron-nickel alloy Average density of nearly 11 g/cm 3

Layers Defined by Physical Properties 8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure  Lithosphere Crust and uppermost mantle (about 100 km thick) Cool, rigid, solid  Asthenosphere Beneath the lithosphere Upper mantle To a depth of about 660 kilometers Soft, weak layer that is easily deformed

Layers Defined by Physical Properties 8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure  Lower Mantle 660–2900 km More rigid layer Rocks are very hot and capable of gradual flow.

Layers Defined by Physical Properties 8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure  Inner Core Sphere with a radius of 1216 km Behaves like a solid  Outer Core Liquid layer 2270 km thick Convective flow of metallic iron within generates Earth’s magnetic field