Progressive and Reform Era

America is the greatest country in the world.

Imperialism ► (Def.) the economic and political domination of a strong nation over weaker nations.  Protectorate – territory in which an imperial power allowed the local ruler to stay in control in return for ensuring support for the imperial power’s policies.  Anglo-Saxonism and Tariffs ► Imperialism was a major reason for the outbreak of WWI

Hawaii ► Sugarcane Production (1872)  Tariff-free production ► McKinley Tariff (1890)  Subsidies for American farmers ► What was the effect? ► Queen Liliuokalani  (1891) – overthrown

Spanish American War (4/19/98 – 8/12/98) ► Sugar Production  US tariffs create rebellion ► Yellow Journalism – sensationalist reporting in which writers often exaggerate or make up stories to attract readers  Stories of the poor Cuban people being persecuted at the hands of ruthless Spaniards

Alfred T. Mahan ► Emphasis on controlling sea trade with a naval fleet trade with a naval fleet - blockades (and the threat of) *Overseas Military Bases

USS Maine

The Philippines ► Naval blockade of Cuba ► Commodore Dewey destroys the Spanish Fleet in Manila ► 20,000 US troops sent to the Philippines

Rough Riders

Results ► Cuba is “free” (Platt Amendment) ► US gets Guam and Puerto Rico ► and the Philippines for $20 million ► Filipinos not very happy  Reconcentration camps established to make them happy (1946)

What is the least powerful position in the US government?

Teddy Roosevelt

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China and “Open Door Policy” Boxer Rebellion (1900)

The Great White Fleet “the carrot” and “the stick”

The Panama Canal ► $10 million yearly rent offer to Columbia  Panamanians and U.S. make Panama independent 8,000 miles shorter trip Roosevelt Corollary – the U.S. would intervene in Latin American affairs to keep the Western Hemisphere economically and politically stable.

Tax Activity ► What types of taxes do we pay? /taxes/#TexasTaxes

Progressivism ( ) ► (def.) reform movement that believed the solution to social problems lay in a more active role on the part of government. ► muckrakers – journalist who investigated social conditions and political corruption.  investigative journalism

► In 1900, 1.7 million kids under 16 worked.

Ida Tarbell ► History of the Standard Oil Company  John Rockefeller

Jacob Riis

“Fighting Bob” Lafollette ► Direct primary – party election in which all party members can vote for a candidate

Additional Reforms ► Initiative – citizens can introduce laws and require the legislature to vote on them ► Referendum – proposed laws can be approved by the voters ► Recall – voters can demand a special election to remove an elected official from office before his/her term expires

17 th Amendment (1913) 17 th Amendment (1913) Provides for the direct election of senators by state voters Provides for the direct election of senators by state voters

Prohibition (18 th Amendment) Temperance movement ► the call for the moderation or the elimination of alcohol

The Square Deal ► The “Trustbuster”   United Mine Workers (1902) ► ► Upton Sinclair   The Jungle (1906)   Pure Food and Drug Act

Expansion of Government ► Department of Labor and Commerce ► Interstate Commerce Commission ► Food and Drug Administration ► US Forest Service

The Minimum Wage ► Good or Bad Government Involvement?  Pros and Cons