Cell Organelles 7.12D Differentiate between structure and function in plant and animal cell organelles, including cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm,

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Presentation transcript:

Cell Organelles 7.12D Differentiate between structure and function in plant and animal cell organelles, including cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and vacuole

Cell Membrane Structure: Flexible Membrane with small holes, Surrounds cells (outside layer for animal cells, just inside cell wall for plants)

Plant Cell  Animal Cell  Cell Membrane Function: Controls what goes in and out of cell (transports material) & Holds in cytoplasm Analogy: It is like the bright orange flexible fencing around construction sites because it protects the work site while still allowing things to go through. Plant Cell  Animal Cell 

Cytoplasm Structure: Gel-like fluid made mostly of water The material inside the membrane

Plant Cell  Animal Cell  Cytoplasm Function: Holds organelles keeps cell flexible maintains shape of cell Analogy: It is like the water in a swimming pool because all the stuff that happens in the pool happens in the water. The water supports the swimmer like cytoplasm supports organelles Plant Cell  Animal Cell 

Mitochondria Structure: Bean shape with many layers inside

Plant Cell  Animal Cell  Mitochondria Function: Transforms energy (from nutrients and Oxygen) for cells to use Analogy: Mitochondria act like a power plant because they both transform other materials to make energy. Plant Cell  Animal Cell 

Nucleus Structure: Large and round, will usually be located towards the middle of the cell. Membrane bound (eukaryotic)

Plant Cell  Animal Cell  Nucleus Function: Contains genetic material (DNA), controls cellular activities Analogy: The nucleus is like the brain of a human because the brain controls the actions of the body like the nucleus controls the cell. Plant Cell  Animal Cell 

Endoplasmic Reticulum Structure: Flat, folded membrane, usually around the nucleus

Endoplasmic Reticulum Function: Makes proteins for the cell. Internal delivery system. Analogy: ER is like a factory that produces goods and ships what they have made.

Golgi Body Structure: Stacked membranes

Golgi Body Function: Packages and delivers materials made from ER. In plants, the Golgi made cell wall material. Analogy: Golgi bodies are like FedEx because they package and ship materials around and out of cell.

Lysosome Structure: small and round, usually more found in animal cells. Can move within cells.

Lysosome Function: Digestion of cellular waste. Recycles old cell material to make new molecules. Analogy: Lysosomes are like your digestive system because both can break apart larger materials to make new molecules.

Vacuole Structure: small and round in animal cells, usually a single large bag-like structure in plants

Plant Cell  Animal Cell  Vacuole Function: stores water and nutrients, aids(helps) in cellular digestion. In plants it works with the cell wall for cell support (turgor pressure). Analogy: A canteen is like a vacuole because both are used to store water. Plant Cell  Animal Cell 

Chloroplast Structure: green, bean shaped – found only in plant cells

Plant Cell  Animal Cell  Chloroplast Only in plant cells! Function: contains chlorophyll that makes photosynthesis possible Analogy: Kitchens are like chloroplast because both make “food” for organisms. Plant Cell  Animal Cell 

Cell Wall Structure: rigid material that forms the outer layer of plant cells.

Plant Cell  Animal Cell  Cell Wall Only in plant cells! Function: gives plant cells support and protects cell’s interior. Analogy: Walls of a building are like a cell wall because both are used for support. Plant Cell  Animal Cell 

So Which is Which and Why? In your science journal write a few sentences about how you can identify different organelles and types of cells.

Endoplasmic Reticulum ANIMAL CELL Vacuole Mitochondria Cell Membrane Golgi body Cytoplasm Nucleus Ribosomes Lysosome Endoplasmic Reticulum

Endoplasmic Reticulum PLANT CELL Lysosome Endoplasmic Reticulum Chloroplast Mitochondria Golgi body Ribosomes Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell Wall Cell Membrane Vacuole