Cells! Who wants some?! Not that type, but this kind… A cell is the basic unit of life

Animal Cell

Nucleus Control Center Contains nearly all DNA – instructions for making proteins and other important molecules Surrounded by nuclear envelope/membrane – Dotted with nuclear pores = stuff in and out Key processes: Controls metabolism of cell, control Cell division, proteinsynthesis

Chromosome (The Data) … all the directions (DNA)

Nucleolus Nucleolus – small dense region inside nucleus. Ribosomes are made here.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Transportation Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) – Covered in ribosomes (rough) – Makes and transports proteins, especially membrane proteins Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) – Synthesis (make) of membrane lipids – Contain enzymes that can detoxification of drugs – Liver has lots of SER’s Notice how the E.R. is attached to the nucleus …. Like the ‘hallways’

Smooth and Rough ER Key process: Transportation of molecules

Ribosomes! Protein Factory Proteins are assembled on these organelles by following coded instructions from the nucleus Key process: Proteinsynthesis

review! Nucleus Nuclear Pores Nuclear Envelope ER Ribosomes

Golgi Apparatus Packaging Center Modify, sort, and package proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage or secretion.

Key processes: Packaging and sorting of proteins siclebudding.html ml

Mitochondria Power House Convert chemical energy stored in food to a form a cell can use (ATP) during the process of cellular respiration. Contain own ‘Mitochondrial DNA’ Has double membrane Key process: Cellular respiration C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 H 2 O +CO 2 + ATP

Mitochondria/Chloroplasts (only in plant cells) These two utilize energy from food and the sun respectively and convert it into energy the cell can use.

Cytoskeleton Cell Framework A network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape Process = support

Vacuoles Storage Facility Plants have big vacuoles, animal cells many small vacuoles. Store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates In plants, there is a large vacuole which helps with maintaining pressure (turgor pressure) – Allows plant to support heavy loads like leaves and branches

Lysosome Waste Management In animal cells ONLY Have enzymes used to break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins breaking down old organelles – even old cells can be broken down in a process called autolysis. Sometimes called suicide sacs. Process - Digestion

Cell boundaries aka cell membrane Cell membrane regulates what enters/leaves the cell. Process - Osmosis

2 Layers of phosholipids studded with proteins = “fluid mosaic model”

Centrioles Only in animal cells. Plays a role during cell division. Assist in the making of cilia and flagella. Process – Cell division

Come on baby let’s do the locomotion…… Cilia Flagella