Independence Independence Definition: A group of people that gain freedom to rule themselves. (independence of a country) Synonyms (same as): Vocabulary Word: Independence Use it meaningfully in a Sentence: Draw a picture of it:

Who “owned” it? India Vietnam Great Britain France Great Britain and France took control of India and Vietnam. This is called colonization.

India Ruled by Britain Great Britain wanted India for trade (spices, cotton) India’s government was run by Great Britain.

Imagine… What problems would we run into? The United States was run by Australia!?!? What problems would we run into?

India’s growth of Nationalism Indian people began to see that they wanted Indians to rule India.

Gandhi He was one of the leaders of the Indian independence movement. Gandhi used “non-violent” protest to fight unfair British laws.

Indian Independence Great Britain was pressured into giving Indians their independence. It took many, many nonviolent protest from Gandhi and others to make this happen.

Non Violent Protest

Non Violent Protest

Non Violent Protest

Non Violent Protest

Brain Joggers In the first picture (the man putting a flower in the gun), who do you have more sympathy for, the man with the gun or the man with the flower? Why? In the two pictures concerning the American civil rights movement (sit-ins and Rosa Parks), why did these people use non violent protest? Who is more brave in the picture with the tank and the man? Is it the man in front of the tank or the tank driver? Why?

Letter from a Birmingham Jail

Questions Why does Dr. King say that non violent protest is needed? Instead of non violent demonstrations, what alternatives would his critics have recommended? What did King hope to accomplish by demonstrating publicly?

Compare and Contrast MLK and Gandhi How was MLK’s non violent protest different from Gandhi’s How were MLK and Gandhi’s non violent protest similar? How was Gandhi’s non violent protest different from MLK’s.

2/ 25 Brain Jogger Please read page 611- 613 in your book and answer the following questions: Why did the British want to set up factories and trading centers in India? How did the Indians react to the British? What were Gandhi’s hopes for India?

Gandhi: King – 6 Major Principles of Nonviolence • It is not a method for cowards: it does resist. – G. if cowardice is the only alternative to violence, it is better to fight. • It does not seek to defeat or humiliate the opponent, but to win his friendship and understanding – Tactic: to awaken a sense of moral shame in the opponent. (moral jiu-jitsu, p.57) • The attack is directed against forces of evil rather than against persons who happen to be doing the evil – Issue not – race or color, but injustice and evil. • A willingness to accept suffering without retaliation, to accept blows from the opponent without striking back. – Suffering can save both the black and white from a paralysis of the spirit. • It is based on the conviction that the universe is on the side of justice. – Here comes our hope. • It avoids not only external physical violence but also internal violence of the spirit. – King will root his non-violence in love-force (G. was in “truth-force)