Chapter 14 Unit 4 & Unit 5

The British Isles (pages )

England – Thames River

England - Parliament

England - Stonehenge

Scotland

Ireland

British Slang ► Loo – toilet ► Bog Roll – toilet paper ► Bobby – police man ► Barney Rubble – trouble ► Cheerio – goodbye ► Muffler – scarf ► Frock – best dress

History of the British Isles ► Republic of Ireland ► United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland  England, Wales, Scotland, N. Ireland ► Settled by the Celts, Scots, Welsh, Irish, Angles, & Saxons – Sequence Occupance

Culture of the British Isles ► Social life centers around local eateries ► Sports – soccer, rugby, & cricket ► Lang. – English, Irish Gaelic, & Scottish Gaelic ► Gov’t – Ireland is a republic, Britain is a constitutional monarchy ► Religion – Ireland (Roman Catholic), UK (Protestant)

Economy of British Isles ► In the 1700’s Britain was the center of the Industrial Revolution. Britain has the world’s first textile factories, railroads, & subways. ► After WWII Britain’s economy declined, forcing the gov’t to nationalize many industries. ► Today, most industries have returned to private ownership. ► Ireland’s economy was based on farming. Today they are branching out into banking, computers, electronics, & food processing.

Issues & Challenges for the British Isles ► Violence in Northern Ireland  The Catholics in N. Ireland want to join the country with Ireland to protect them against discrimination.  The Protestants want to remain part of the UK.

France (pages 311 – 314)

France – History/Culture ► Early peoples – Gauls, Romans, Franks, & Vikings ► Lang. – French ► Religion – 90% Roman Catholic ► Capital & Primate City = Paris ► In the past France was a great ally of the U.S., but today the French worry about the spread of American influence into their culture.

France - Economy ► Diversified ► Work week = 35 hours, Vacation = 1 month ► Known for fashion, perfume, cosmetics, jewelry, furniture, & tourism ► France is second only to the U.S. in agricultural exports (wheat, beets, wine, olives, grapes, & dairy products)

France – Issues & Challenges ► Gov’ts control over the economy.  Many industries are gov’t-owned.  Hurts innovation  Privatization – when state-run businesses and are turned over to private owners

The Benelux Countries (pages ) The Netherlands Belgium Luxembourg

The Benelux Countries – Culture ► Netherlands means “low lands.” Using a dike & polder system they have been able to reclaim land from the sea. ► Lang. = Netherlands (Dutch), Belgium (Dutch, French, Flemish), Luxembourg (German, Dutch, & Luxembourgian)

European Union – EU ► Was started by the Benelux countries in 1957, but was called the European Economic Community (EEC) ► In 1993, the EU was created. The organization creates an economic alliance amongst its members & drops trade barriers. ► It also cooperates on issues such as trade, lawmaking, & social issues. ► Monetary Unit = euro ► Headquarters = Brussels, Belgium

The Benelux Countries - Economy ► Belgium – known for diamond cutting, quality carpets, & chocolate ► The Netherlands – Dairy products, tulips, perfumes ► Luxembourg – steel & international banking (has the world’s highest per capita GDP = $34, 200)

Scandinavia Helsinki, Finland Oslo, Norway Stockholm, Sweden Copenhagen, Denmark

Scandinavia - Culture ► Denmark, Sweden, Norway, & Finland ► Religion – Protestant Lutheran ► Lang. = Finnish, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian ► Gov’t = Democracies ► Most people live in the southern parts of the countries near their capitals

Sweden ► Has high taxed that pay for a large system of gov’t welfare and services.  Gov’t pays for almost all of the educational, medical, and childcare needs of its citizens.  National Health Insurance  Parents can share 1year of paid leave from work to raise children.

Iceland & Greenland ► 85% is uninhabitable ► Greenland was settled by the Vikings ► Iceland is greener due to geysers Iceland Greenland