Caring for older people Topic 1 Disorders

Organs Heart Lungs Liver Kidneys Stomach Brain Small/Large intestine

Function Of The Heart Pulmonary circulation Systematic circulation Pumps blood – to and from the lungs/ to and from the body Cardiac cycle

Function Of The Lungs Absorption of oxygen/ oxygenates blood Exhalation of carbon dioxide Gaseous exchange Inhalation/exhalation

Function Of The Liver Storage of nutrients Production of bile Breakdown of toxins

Function Of The Kidneys Removal of waste products from the blood Production of urine Flirtation of the blood

Function Of The Brain Centre of the human nervous system It controls our body, receives information, analyzes information, and stores information.

Function of the small intestine Absorbs food and water

Function of the large intestine Its function is to absorb water from the remaining indigestible food matter, and then to pass useless waste material from the bodywaste material

Function Of The Stomach Mixes food Organ of digestion

Circulatory system Also known as the cardiovascular system, your heart, blood vessels and blood itself are three essential components the body needs to survive. The circulatory system consists of two circuits that blood travels through; pulmonary and systemic. Components of the circulatory/cardiovascular system The three components are: The heart Blood vessels Blood It is a double circulatory system. It comprises two separate circuits and blood passes through the heart twice. atomy_circulatorysys_rev1.shtmlhttp:// atomy_circulatorysys_rev1.shtml

Shade in the flow of the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

Disorders of the circulatory system In this section we are going to examine both the causes and the symptoms connected to each disorder: –Heart Disease –Sclerosis –Stroke

Heart Disease Coronary heart disease (CHD) is usually caused by a build-up of fatty deposits on the walls of the coronary arteries. The causes: –smoking – high blood pressure –have a high blood cholesterol level –do not take regular exercise –have diabetes –being obese or overweight –having a family history of CHD The symptoms: –mild, uncomfortable feeling that is similar to indigestion –feeling of heaviness or tightness, usually in the centre of the chest, which may spread to the arms, neck, jaw, back or stomach. –sweating –light-headedness –nausea –breathlessness –discomfort or pain

Sclerosis Over time, as you get older, your arteries naturally begin to harden and get narrower, leading to atherosclerosis. The Causes: –High cholesterol –High blood pressure –Diabetes –Obesity –Alcohol –Lack of exercise –Family history –High fat diet The Symptoms: –The first symptom of a narrowing artery may be pain or cramps at times when blood flow cannot keep up with the tissues' need for oxygen. –Chest pain –Feeling of tightness

Stroke Stroke is a brain attack For your brain to function, it needs a constant blood supply (Heart), which provides vital nutrients and oxygen to the brain cells. A stroke happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off and brain cells are damaged or die. The causes: –smoking –high blood pressure (hypertension) high blood pressure –obesity obesity –high cholesterol levels (often caused by a high-fat diet, but can result from inherited factors)high cholesterol levels –a family history of heart disease or diabetesheart diseasediabetes –excessive alcohol intake (which can also make obesity and high blood pressure worse, as well as causing heart damage and an irregular heart beat) –Lack of exercise The symptoms: –dizziness –communication problems (difficulty talking and understanding what others are saying) –problems with balance and coordination –difficulty swallowing –severe headaches –numbness or weakness resulting in complete paralysis (lack of sensation) in one side of the body –loss of consciousness (in severe cases)