MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS Ms. Martino’s SNC2P

Molecular Compounds Molecular compounds are formed when two _______________ electrons in a _______ bond. Example: _______________________ non-metals sharecovalent Carbon dioxide CO 2

Molecular Compounds A ____________ is the sharing of electrons to fill a ___________ Whereas an _________ is when electrons are __________ causing atoms to become _________ charged. covalent bond valence shell ionic bond transferred oppositely

Molecular Compounds Different atoms require a different number of electrons to fill their valence shells. This means that atoms have different _________________. _________________: number of ________ bonds a non-metal needs to form a stable molecule combining capacities Combining capacitiescovalent

Molecular Compounds Most atoms follow the _________: each atom in a molecular compound will form enough covalent bonds to have _____ valence electrons Octet Rule eight

Molecular Compounds A covalent bond consists of at least ________ of shared electrons. Each pair of shared electrons results in a ______ bond. Elements that need only one more electron to complete an outer shell form ___________ (i.e.; Hydrogen and chlorine) one pair single single bonds

Molecular Compounds Elements that need two electrons to complete an outer shell can form _______________ or one _______ bond two single bonds double CH 4 CO 2 N 2

Molecular Compounds When two of the same type of atom bond together, they are called _______ elements or ________ molecules. Diatomic Molecules: _______________ diatomic H O F Br I N Cl H 2 O 2 F 2 Br 2 I 2 N 2 Cl 2

COVALENT VERSUS IONIC BONDS VIDEO ww

Naming Binary Molecular Compounds ________ are added to both non-metals in the compound. The _____ indicates the _______ of atoms of each element in the molecule. Prefixes prefix number Mono- Di- Tri- Tetra- Penta- Hexa

Notes: the prefix “mono-” is often left out when there is only one atom of the first element in the name. Example: _______________________________ When using the prefixes such as “mono-”, “tetra- ” (the prefix ends in an “a” or “o”) with oxygen, the last “a” or “o” in the prefix is dropped Example: _______________________________ CO 2 carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide, sulfur pentoxide