Teleostei, continued…. Batrachoidiformestoadfish17 69 Lophiiformesanglerfish, batfish Mugiliformesmullets 1 80 Atheriniformessilversides, grunion Beloniformesneedlefish, flying fish Cyprinodontiformeslivebearers, guppies Stephanoberyciformespricklefish, whalefish 9 86 Beryciformessquirrelfish, laternfish ZeiformesJohn Dories 6 39

Beloniformes: flying fish mostly marine, soft-rayed, surface fishes; posterior dorsal, high pectorals, longer lower caudal lobe, low lateral line

Beloniformes: garfish, saury

Teleostei, continued…. Batrachoidiformestoadfish17 69 Lophiiformesanglerfish, batfish Mugiliformesmullets 1 80 Atheriniformessilversides, grunion Beloniformesneedlefish, flying fish Cyprinodontiformeslivebearers, guppies Stephanoberyciformespricklefish, whalefish 9 86 Beryciformessquirrelfish, lanternfish ZeiformesJohn Dories 6 39

Cyprinidontiformes, Poecilidae: mostly marine, soft-rayed, single dorsal fin guppies, platys, mollies, swordtails, pupfish, Gambusia

Mostly viviparous species Many with superfetation – compensates for low fecundity in each ‘batch’

Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae – killifishes many oviparous Banded killifish

Cyprinidontiformes: Anableps anapleps. - foureye fish, Amazon River Left-handed and right handed males, only mate with opposite female fin fused into gonopodium (intromittent organ)

Teleostei, continued…. Batrachoidiformestoadfish17 69 Lophiiformesanglerfish, batfish Mugiliformesmullets 1 80 Atheriniformessilversides, grunion Beloniformesneedlefish, flying fish Cyprinodontiformeslivebearers, guppies Stephanoberyciformespricklefish, whalefish 9 86 Beryciformessquirrelfish, lanternfish ZeiformesJohn Dories 6 39

Stephanoberyciformes: marine, deep-sea, to 3,500 m mostly very small (< 17 cm) bony ridges common on head

Teleostei, continued…. Batrachoidiformestoadfish17 69 Lophiiformesanglerfish, batfish Mugiliformesmullets 1 80 Atheriniformessilversides, grunion Beloniformesneedlefish, flying fish Cyprinodontiformeslivebearers, guppies Stephanoberyciformespricklefish, whalefish 9 86 Beryciformessquirrelfish, lanternfish ZeiformesJohn Dories 6 39

Beryciformes: marine, spiny fishes; many nocturnal, light-producing; largest ~ 60 cm squirrelfish

Beryciformes: Australian pineapplefish

Beryciformes; southern roughy, flashlightfish

fangtooth (18 cm)

Teleostei, continued…. Batrachoidiformestoadfish17 69 Lophiiformesanglerfish, batfish Mugiliformesmullets 1 80 Atheriniformessilversides, grunion Beloniformesneedlefish, flying fish Cyprinodontiformeslivebearers, guppies Stephanoberyciformespricklefish, whalefish 9 86 Beryciformessquirrelfish, laternfish ZeiformesJohn Dories 6 39

Zeiformes John Dory, “Saint Peter’s fish” Zeiformes: marine, spiny-fin fishes; some w. hugely extensible mouths worldwide coastal distribution, except far north

Teleostei, continued…. Gasterosteiformessticklebacks, seamoths, pipefish seahorses Now separated into Syngnathiformes – pipefish, seahorses and Gasterosteiformes – sticklebacks, sea moths, dragonfishes Synbranchiformesswamp eels 3 87 Scorpaeniformesscorpionfish, sculpin201,271 Perciformestunas, drum, swordfish,1289,293 bluefishes, remoras, blennies, mackerels, angelfish, parrotfish, dolphins, snappers, perches… Pleuronectiformesflounder, flatfishes Tetraodontiformestriggerfishes, puffers, molas cowfish, boxfish

Syngnathiformes: Seahorses, sea dragons, pipefishes Marine, anadromous, and freshwater Bony body armor (rings around body or tail) Prehensile tails, no pelvic fins, elongate snouts Male parental care (internal brooding)

Syngnathiformes: shrimpfish, pipefish

Syngnathiformes: cornetfish – to 2 m long

Gasterosteiformes: Pegasidae (seamoths)

Gasterosteiformes: Gasterosteidae - sticklebacks Freshwater and anadromous; dorsal spines, body armor; nest builders, male nest guarders Brook stickleback Culaea inconstans

Teleostei, continued…. Gasterosteiformessticklebacks, seamoths, pipefish seahorses Synbranchiformesswamp eels 3 87 Scorpaeniformesscorpionfish, sculpin201,271 Perciformestunas, drum, swordfish,1289,293 bluefishes, remoras, blennies, mackerels, angelfish, parrotfish, dolphins, snappers, perches… Pleuronectiformesflounder, flatfishes Tetraodontiformestriggerfishes, puffers, molas cowfish, boxfish

Synbranchiformes: swamp eel freshwater, sub-tropical to tropical fins partly or entirely absent, scales lacking in most species reduced gills, aerial respiration in pharynx, intestine and skin protogynous hermaphrodites (female first)