SENTENCE STRUCTURE HOW TO FIND THE PARTS OF A SENTENCE

Sentence Pieces ■When we are talking about parts of speech, we are talking about the types of words that make up a sentence. ■This is more specific than the word forms you normally study. Sentence PiecesParts of Speech SubjectNoun Verb ObjectNoun Adjective Adverb

Why sentence structure is important ■When we learn about grammar, we need to understand the parts of a sentence. ■If you don’t understand this language, you won’t understand the rest of the course. ■Passive = –“O” + V + by “S” ■S + V, CC S + V

Parts of Speech ■Always start by finding the prepositional phrases. ■A prepositional phrase starts with a preposition (to, from, in, at) and ends with a noun.  I walked (into the building).  We run frequently.  I hate talking (to him).  I have been studying English (for 2 hours).  She’s a nice person.  When might you ask her?

Parts of Speech ■A prepositional phrase is not important for the sentence structure. ■The sentence structure can exist WITHOUT the prepositional phrase!  I walked (into the building).  We run frequently.  I hate talking (to him).  I have been studying English (for 2 hours).  She’s a nice person.  When might you ask her?

Parts of Speech ■For this class, we’ll use () to show prepositional phrases! ■Prepositional phrases are common in sentences.

Find the prepositional phrases in the sentences below. ■I have been walking. ■I don’t know if he’s okay. ■What is that man by the president doing? ■He’s got the erasers that we need for school. ■Could she have missed that?

Find the prepositional phrases in the sentences below. ■I have been walking. ■I don’t know if he’s okay. ■What is that man (by the president) doing? ■He’s got the erasers that we need (for school). ■Could she have missed that?

Looking at sentence structure ■Then, find the verb. ■The verb is the action in the sentence. ■This can also include modals and other helping verbs!  I walked (into the building).  We run frequently.  I hate talking (to him).  I have been studying English (for 2 hours).  She’s a nice person.  When might you ask her?

Looking at sentence structure ■99% of English sentences have verbs! ■If you don’t have a verb in your sentence, it’s probably incorrect! ■We use “V” to talk about verbs.

Looking at sentence structure ■HV is a HELPING verb. It is the same for MANY verbs and doesn’t show the meaning – it shows when, where, etc. ■MV is the MAIN verb. It shows what is happening. HELPING VERBMAIN VERB caneat mayeat have beeneating should not haveeaten

Find the main verbs and helping verbs in the sentences below. ■I have been walking. ■I don’t know if he’s okay. ■What is that man (by the president) doing? ■He’s got the erasers that we need (for school). ■Could she have missed that?

Find the main verbs and helping verbs in the sentences below. ■I have been walking. ■I don’t know if he’s okay. ■What is that man (by the president) doing? ■He’s got the erasers that we need (for school). ■Could she have missed that? MAIN VERBS HELPING VERBS

Parts of Speech ■Next, find the subject. ■The subject is the thing that makes the verb happen. ■The subject is NEVER inside of the prepositional phrase!  I walked (into the building).  We run frequently.  I hate talking (to him).  I have been studying English (for 2 hours).  She’s a nice person.  When might you ask her?

Parts of Speech ■We use the letter “S” to talk about a subject! ■95% of English sentences include a SUBJECT!

Find the S in the sentences below! ■I have been walking. ■I don’t know if he’s okay. ■What is that man (by the president) doing? ■He’s got the erasers that we need (for school). ■Could she have missed that?

Find the S in the sentences below! ■I have been walking. ■I don’t know if he’s okay. ■What is that man (by the president) doing? ■He’s got the erasers that we need (for school). ■Could she have missed that?

Parts of Speech ■Finally, find the object. ■The object receives the verb! ■BE never has an object! ■The object is NEVER inside a prepositional phrase.  I walked (into the building).  We run frequently.  I hate talking (to him).  I have been studying English (for 2 hours).  She’s a nice person.  When might you ask her?

Parts of Speech ■Some sentences have no objects. ■We use “O” to talk about objects!

Find the O in the sentences below! ■I have been walking. ■I don’t know if he’s okay. ■What is that man (by the president) doing? ■He’s got the erasers that we need (for school). ■Could she have missed that?

QUESTIONS ANSWERED IN THIS PRESENTATION ■What are the basic parts of a sentence? ■What does S, V, O, and () stand for? ■What is a helping verb? What is a main verb? ■What order should we use to find the sentence parts? ■What’s the difference between WORD FORMS and parts of a sentence?