7: Atomic and Nuclear Physics 7.1 The Atom. Atomic Theory The Plum Pudding Model Negative charged electrons Positive charged mass.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

08/11/2013 What level will you reach?... To get a grade D: you will label the subatomic particles in an atom and state the charge of the sub-atomic particles.

Advertisements

Elements & Atoms Atomic theory grew as a series of models that developed from experimental evidence. As more evidence was collected, the theory and models.

Atomic Structure Topic 3.

Q: What is a proton? A: A proton is a positively charged subatomic particle found IN the nucleus of an atom. Electron Proton Defining the atom: -An atom.

Atomic Structure.

HIROSHIMA 1945 August 6 th, 1945 ATOMIC THEORY Part 1: Atomic Structure.

The Gold Foil and the Nucleus

Nuclear Reactions Rutherford’s Alpha Scattering Experiment.

Science Starter: Black Boxes Groups of 2: Manipulate the box so the marble moves around the fixed object inside of the box. DO NOT OPEN THE BOX Discuss.

The Physical Setting Chemistry.

1 The Physical Setting Chemistry Jerry Deutsch 2 New York State Education Department Core Curriculum

Introduction to Atoms Chapter 4.

ATOMIC STRUCTURE Don’t Forget... Contestants …Always phrase your answers in the form of a question!

Atomic Theory. The Atom Recall the atom is the smallest particle making up an element.

 20. Which of these best describes the particle motion taking place as gas is exposed to freezing temperatures? ◦ A) The particles decrease in speed.

Atomic Structure Modern Atomic Theory  All matter is composed of atoms  Atoms cannot be subdivided, created, or destroyed in ordinary.

STANDARD A MOST OF THE SLIDES FROM THIS POWER POINT PRESENTATION COMES FROM HOLT CHEMISTRY. PLEASE DISREGARD THE CHAPTER NUMBERS. STANDARD A ASSESSEMENT.

Describe the mass, charge, and location of protons, neutrons, and electrons in atoms. S-105.

ATOMIC STRUCTURE Modern theory of matter. LET’S REVIEW Dalton’s atomic theory – Elements are made of atoms ; all atoms of an element are identical, atoms.

Atomic Structure A level At The Sixth Form College Colchester.

The Structure of the Atom Chapter 3 Chemistry: Matter and Change.

26/11/2015 The Scattering experiment L/O :- To know the structure of an atom and to understand Rutherford and Marsden’s scattering experiment.

Chapter 4: The atom P 93 – 101 and What is an atom?  Atoms: Makes up all matter Makes up all matter Are incredibly small Are incredibly small.

Atomic Theory Chemistry I Chapter 3. Dalton’s Atomic Theory Dalton developed a theory to explain why the elements in a compound always join in the same.

HISTORY OF THE ATOM MODERN THEORIES OF ATOMIC STRUCTURE.

Rutherford’s alpha scattering experiment. source of alpha particles thin gold foil photographic film beam of  particles most pass straight through 1 in.

Rutherford’s experiment Day 2. Last time Discussion of early atomic model- the plum pudding model To refresh your memory: – Large slightly positive mass.

 Atoms are small hard particles made of a single material that can’t be divided.  Developed his ideas by thinking.

3-2 Radioactivity and the nucleus (10.2 pg )

The scattering experiment.  The scattering experiment.

Describe the mass, charge, and location of protons, neutrons, and electrons in atoms. S-105.

Atomic Structure Chapter 4. Dalton’s Atomic Theory 4.1 John Dalton – 18 th century All matter is composed of atoms All atoms of a given element are identical.

The Atom. Dalton’s Atomic Theory 1.Elements are made of tiny particles called atoms. 2.All atoms of a given element are identical. 3.The atoms of a given.

ATOMS: The Building Blocks of Matter Objectives 1.Law of conservation of mass 2.Law of definite proportions 3.Law of multiple proportions 4.Dalton’s Atomic.

1 Chapter 4 Atoms and Elements 4.3 The Atom Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

Modified by M. Sparks Atomic Structure Atomic Mass/Number Ions/Charges of Molecules Isotopes/Perc ent Abundance

1 The Physical Setting Chemistry Jerry Deutsch 2 New York State Education Department Core Curriculum

Atomic Structure Where our ideas of the atom come from and what we know now.

Atomic Structure Notes. Thomson Model The “pudding” had a positive charge and the “plums” had a negative charge.

The Structure of an Atom

23.1 Atomic structure The Rutherford scattering experiment  In 1911, Ernest Rutherford carried out the famous Rutherford scattering experiment to explore.

Answers (2) D (12) C (22) D (32) C (3) A (13) B (23) A (33) A (4) B (14) C (24) C (34) B (5) D (15) B (25) B (6) C (16) D (26) D (7) C (17) B (27) A (8)

Greeks Before 400 BC Observers (not scientists) did not use scientific experiments Matter could be endlessly divided Matter is made of fire, water, air,

Nuclear Reactions 1.To investigate the composition of gold foil using alpha particles (i.e. to explain the model of an atom).

POD Who were the major scientists involved in discovering the model of the atom?

+ Evidence For The Atomic Structure Noadswood Science, 2012.

{ Atom and Isotope Review Physical Science. An atom has 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons. What is the atomic mass?

ATOMS & RADIOACTIVITY ATOMS & RADIOACTIVITY THE ATOM THE ATOM.

Radioactivity and the nucleus

By: Devin Laudenschlager

Atomic Structure

Do Now At a temperature of 255 K, the gas in a cylinder has a volume of 3.0 liters. If the volume of the gas is decreased to 1.5 liters, what must the.

Ch. 4: Introduction to Atoms

Atomic Structure

Rutherford’s α scattering experiment

Evolution of the atomic model

ATOMIC HISTORY & ISOTOPES

Atomic Structure

Atomic Models History of the Development of

Atomic Particles Particle Charge Mass # Location Electron -1

Atomic Structure

THE ATOMIC NUCLEUS How is the atom put together?

Models of the atom The Rutherford Model investigated the scattering of alpha particles by thin gold foil. Alpha particles are positively charged helium.

Models of an Atom.

Radioactivity The Nucleus Isotopes Radioactivity

P2 - Physics Radiation.

Atomic Structure.

Aim: What is the structure of the Atom?

Atomic Structure N5.

Presentation transcript:

7: Atomic and Nuclear Physics 7.1 The Atom

Atomic Theory The Plum Pudding Model Negative charged electrons Positive charged mass

Rutherford’s Alpha Particle Scattering Experiment

      

      

      

      

      

      

      

      

      

      

      

      

      

      

      

      

      

      

     

     

     

Results Rutherford found out that Most of the alpha particles passed through the gold foil undeviated. 2. A few alpha particles were deflected from their path but continued through the gold foil. 3. A small number of alpha particles rebounded.

Conclusions 1.As most alpha particles passed through the gold foil atoms undeviated, Rutherford concluded that most of the atom was actually empty space. 2. The deviation of some alpha particles from their original path were due to positive charges within the foil. 3. A very small number of alpha particles had rebounded because they collided with something with a much bigger mass, which contains a concentrated region of positive charge. This is now called the nucleus.

The Rutherford - Bohr Model of the Atom n n

Energy Levels E.g. E = hf h= Planck constant = 6.6 x m 2 kgs -1 hf = E 2 - E 1

Emission Spectra (Line Spectra) Hydrogen... Helium... Neon...

Limitations of the Bohr Atom Electron ‘probability cloud’:

The Nucleus Any nuclide can be represented in the following way: A = nucleon number Z = proton number X = symbol for the element N = neutron number Q. Nucleons must experience a force other than electrostatic force. Why? X A Z

Isotopes Nuclide: an atomic nucleus with a particular combination of protons and neutrons. Isotope: Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. E.g.1 E.g HydrogenDeuteriumTritium

Subtitle Text

Subtitle Text

Subtitle Text

Subtitle Text

Subtitle Text

Subtitle Text

Subtitle Text

Subtitle Text

Subtitle Text

Subtitle Text

Subtitle Text