1 Project Management C53PM Session 6 Project Resource Scheduling Russell Taylor Business Department Staff Workroom

School of Management and Languages 2 Session 6 Project Resource scheduling –Chapter 6

School of Management and Languages 3 Project Tradeoffs Time CostQuality / Scope

School of Management and Languages 4 Resource Problem Activity durations are dependant on assigned durations. Assumption that resources will be available –Skills crises –Financial costs Multi-project environments –Limited resources –Resource allocation syndrome

School of Management and Languages 5 Resource Constraints People –Human Resources Materials –Cost, delivery, sourcing Equipment –Size, type, quantity –Specialist resources, Materials Working Capital –Cash flow

School of Management and Languages 6 Network Analysis PLAN Hire Band Buy Drinks Hire Venue Call Friends PARTY

School of Management and Languages 7 Network Analysis PLAN Hire Band Hire Venue Call Friends PLAN Hire Band Buy Drinks Buy Drinks Hire Venue Call Friends PARTY

School of Management and Languages 8 Can not run a project without resources –Human resources Using the early or late start approach can often result in crowding of activities (and therefore resources) on a project. Can lead to problems –Space limitations (not enough room) –Resource limitations (not enough people) –Cost and cash flow Optimising Resource Usage

School of Management and Languages 9 To overcome this we can –Extend the working day/week –Allocate overtime –Increase cost and availability risk Resource smoothing –uses flexibility from float only –Does not extend the project time Resource levelling –Considers resource shortage –extends project duration if necessary Optimising Resource Usage

School of Management and Languages 10 Resource Scheduling ActivityDependencyDurationResource A-33 BA22 CA33 DC, B55 EB74 FE, D56

School of Management and Languages 11 Resource smoothing Fully Analysed Network 0 Start A A A B A C A D A E A F A FINISH 017 0

School of Management and Languages 12 Resource smoothing Time Activity A B C D E F

School of Management and Languages 13 Resource smoothing Time Activity A B C D E F resources 2 resources 3 resources 6 resources 5 resources 4 resources

School of Management and Languages 14 Plotting a resource profile Use a Gantt chart Add resource information to each activity bar Add up resource units for each time period Plot as a resource profile using the same timescale underneath the Gantt chart

School of Management and Languages 15 Resource Profile - smoothing Time Resource

School of Management and Languages 16 The resource utilisation is determined by dividing the area under the resource profile by the area under the resource envelope It may be expressed as a ratio or as a percentage The Resource Utilisation

School of Management and Languages 17 Resource utilisation Effectiveness = (Duration of each activity) x (Number of personnel required for each activity) / (Maximum number of personnel required at any one time) x (Duration of project) (3x3) + (5x2) + (7x1) + (9x5) + (4x1) + (5x6) (9x17) = /153 = 105/153 = 0.69 or 69%

School of Management and Languages 18 Resource smoothing Time Activity A B C D E F resources 2 resources 3 resources 6 resources 5 resources 4 resources

School of Management and Languages 19 Resource smoothing Time Activity A B C D E F resources 2 resources 3 resources 6 resources 5 resources 4 resources

School of Management and Languages 20 Resource Profile - smoothing Time Resource

School of Management and Languages 21 Resource utilisation Effectiveness = (Duration of each activity) x (Number of personnel required for each activity) / (Maximum number of personnel required at any one time) x (Duration of project) (3x3) + (1x2) + (1x5) + (2x7) + (5x9) + (5x6) (9x17) = /153 = 96/153 = 0.62 or 62%

School of Management and Languages 22 Resource Levelling 1.1 Furniture 1.2 Equipment 1.3 Carpets 1.4 Paint 1.5 F&F 1.0 Purchase 6 weeks 2.1 Furniture 2.2 Carpets 2.3 F&F 2.0 Strip-out 2 weeks 3.1 Walls 3.2 Woodwork 3.0 Decoration 4 weeks 4.1 Equipment 4.2 Furniture 4.3 F&F 4.4 Carpet 4.0 Installation 2 weeks Office Refurbishment

School of Management and Languages 23 Resource Levelling 4.1Carpet-2 days2 Fitters 4.2Furniture4.13 days2 Maintenance 4.3F&F4.1,3 days2 Maintenance 4.4Equipment4.1, 4.2, 4.3,5 days3 IT technicians ActivityDescriptionDependencyDurationResource

School of Management and Languages 24 Resource Levelling Start 2 Maintenance Furniture 3 days 2 Fitters Carpet 2 days 2 Maintenance F & F 3 days 3 IT Tech Equipment 5 days Finish 10 days

School of Management and Languages 25 Resource Levelling FitterMaintenanceIT Technician Resource Days

School of Management and Languages 26 Resource Levelling Fitter Maintenance IT Technician DaysResource

School of Management and Languages 27 Resource smoothing –uses flexibility from float only –Does not extend the project time –Retains cost Resource levelling –Considers resource shortage –extends project duration if necessary Summary

School of Management and Languages 28 Next lecture Next Tuesday Chapter 7 –Project Budgeting