19.1 & 2 Kennedy and the Cold War Kennedy’s New Frontier

Participation Grade… Do not forget, you will be graded on your participation grade very strictly today… We must cover CH today… Time is of the essence. You have been warned!!! Happy Friday and see you at the ring ceremony later!

Election of 1960; Kennedy Defeats Nixon; Nixon VP (8 yrs.); Unsettled problems remained Candidates; similarities and differences; Power of the Television; Largest voter turnout in U.S history

New Cold War Strategies; New Vigor; Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country. Lost ground during Ike (Fidel Castro); Not afraid of foreign affairs Build up nation’s military; flexible response 3 rd World Initiatives; Reasons; 1. Peace Corps (1961)  tech., education, health, etc…);2. Alliance for Progress (Good Neighbor Policy)

Situation in Cuba BEFORE Fidel, U.S Relations with Batista; Diplomacy with Fidel; Successful? Why? Confronting Communism in Cuba; Bay of Pigs (April 17, 1961); Successful? Why?; Results; Embargo (Feb. 1962); (300/ 1,400) Cuban Missile Crisis(1962); Khrushchev helping Castro; JFK’s response (10/22/1962); quarantine (blockade); 13 days; Ultimately? Results; Khrushchev lost prestige; JFK  Hero; hot-line between S.U & U.S; Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

Preparing in Florida….

Berlin Crisis; Khrushchev’s plan for Berlin; JFK’s response (Germany should be united) Attempts for peace  Vienna Conference (June 1961); S.U  end U.S military presence; U.S  refused; meeting ends abruptly S.U orders wall to be built; JFK  1,500 troops; neither side wins –BUT- Berlin Wall

Kennedy’s New Frontier CH 19.2

Kennedy’s New Frontier; Plan for Domestic Issues (civil rights, education, poverty, health) Space; -BUT- conservative congress Kennedy Style; Cabinet  Rob McNamara (Ford, Sec. of Defense); Dean Rusk (Rockefeller Foundation, Sec. of State) Michael Harrington’s The Other America; Min. Wage, Social Security, Welfare System, Blue Ribbon Panel (Women) Equal Pay Act **Many loop holes**

Stimulating a sluggish economy; increased prosperity = eliminate social issues Tax Credits to businesses; John. M. Keynes  Deficit Spending; Tax Cuts (middle class)  burden on wealthy Civil Rights; Little influence in congress –BUT- Federal Transportation Commission; Civil Rights Bill (but…) Space Race; S.U  Sputnik (1957) & Yuri Gagarin (1961) orbit earth; U.S  Alan Shepard (1961); Freedom 7 ***Committed to put man on moon before 1970***

Several Attempts; -BUT- July, 1969 Neil Armstrong ; Columbia; First man on moon.

JFK  National Leader (foreign and domestic) The President is Assassinated ; Nov. 22, 1963; Texas  6 th floor; Texas School Book Depository Lyndon B. Johnson (LBJ) becomes President Warren Commission; Result?