The War and US Involvement 11.3 Notes. Terms and People total war – channeling all of a nation’s resources into a war effort conscription – “the draft,”

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The War and US Involvement 11.3 Notes

Terms and People total war – channeling all of a nation’s resources into a war effort conscription – “the draft,” which required all young men to be ready for military or other service contraband – during wartime, military supplies and raw materials needed to make military supplies that may legally be confiscated by any belligerent Lusitania – a British liner torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine in May 1915

Terms and People propaganda – spreading ideas to promote or damage a cause atrocity – a horrible act committed against innocent people armistice – an agreement to end fighting Fourteen Points – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson’s list of terms for resolving World War I and future wars self-determination – the right of people to choose their own form of government

Economic Preparations Recruit & draft young men (conscription) Raise taxes, borrow money (from the US) Liberty bonds Rationing, price fixing Total War = channeling a nation’s entire resources into the war effort

Propaganda Propaganda = the spreading of ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing cause Control public opinion, censor news Sway people for or against

Why was it important for both sides to keep civilian morale high during the war? Total war meant civilians were needed to produce war goods. Civilians were also needed to buy war bonds to pay for the war. Unhappy civilians meant less work in the factories. It could also demoralize soldiers

Women During the War With fewer men at home, women take over jobs Nurses w/ Red Cross and military support Helped support idea of women’s equality

US Becomes Involved US policy up to 1917 Isolationists Unrestricted submarine warfare Response to British blockade Sank anything headed for Allies

Ships sunk by U-boats, May 1917–Jan. 1918

Lusitania sunk May 7, 1915 off the coast of Ireland

US Becomes Involved Cultural ties Mostly to Allies propaganda Financial Ties Zimmerman Note British capture note Germany would help Mexico regain Arizona, Texas & N.M

US Becomes Involved April 1917 US enters war “Make the world safe for democracy” Arrival of US troops boosted morale, comes on the heels of Russian pulling out of the war Took time for US troops to get ready

What are three factors that led the U.S. to enter the war? 1. Unrestricted submarine warfare - Lusitania 2. Cultural ties - allies, financial ties 3. Zimmerman Note

Fourteen Points President Wilson’s list of ways to end this war and prevent others Ideas: no secret treaties, freedom of seas, formation of League of Nations, free trade, arms reduction

Victory Allies withstand huge push (Battle of Marnes) Counter and push back Governments in Germany and Austria collapse

Armistice 11/11/18 11th hour, 11th day, 11th month

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