Definition: During the emperor Mutsuhito (Meji’s) rule he employed constitutional changes. These changes made Japan much more modernized and westernized. The emperor displaced the shogunate and restored the power to the emperor. Japan also underwent a large scale industrial revolution, all of this occurred from ( ). Significance: Emperor Meji changed Japan forever by allowing his country to industrialize and to modernize. Without the Meji restoration there Japan would not be as modern as it is today. (633 Spodek)RNW

Definition: The name for the military leader of Japan who ruled in the name of the emperor. Significance: The shogun is significant because it shows how a military leader can take power. Even though most people opposed the shogun, and believed that the emperor should be restored his power, the shogun still ruled. The Meji restoration put the shogun out of power and restored all power to the emperor. RNW (632 Spodek)

Definition: The feudal lords of Japan who controlled almost the entire country by the 16 th century. Significance: The daimyo are significant because the daimyo are apart of an important part of Japanese history. In 1865 the samurai were becoming displaced and attacked their daimyo in Chosu. By defeating their daimyo the samurai gained control of the daimyo’s han. This led to the samurai joining with others to defeate the shogunate and restore the emperor to full power. (633 Spodek) RNW

Definition: A territory or feudal estate controlled by a daimyo under Tokugawa shogunate. Significance: The han is signifant because it is connected to the daimyo’s and the samurai’s. The samurai who mostly ran the feudal estates decided that Japan’s current government was not capable of coping with European threats. Also the daimyo controlled most of the han’s with the samurais a little lower than them. Because the daimyo’s controlled so much land that they controlled almost the entire country by the 16 th century. (614 Spodek) RNW

Liberia (Monrovia) named after James Monroe German East Africa Congo, given o king Leopold the II of Belgium by the Berlin Conference Japan Edo (Tokyo) Manchuria, home of the Manchu Imperial Government that ruled China China Shanghai British India Corsica, where Napoleon was born Port Arthur is where Japan Beat Russia in the Russo Japanese War RNW

Emperor Meiji Did What? Emperor Meiji was the emperor of Japan He assumed power when he was 14 He led Japan in a country reform called the charter oath. So What? Because Emperor Meiji created the charter oath, Japan became a stronger power in the world. Japan tried to remodel itself like Germany (a strong force at that time). Japan became more connected to the world, the started to change their appearances, and they became more technologically advanced. Japan was finally able to show the world that they had become a stronger country when they defeated Russia in the Russo- Japanese War ( ). NEB (633 Spodek)

Otto Von Bismarck Did What? Otto Von Bismarck originated from Prussia He developed a basis of costumes for Germany He unified the German states under William I So What? Otto Von Bismarck may be the most important person to ever come out from Prussia. He unified the German states. Because he unified the German states, the Germany became a strong world power. Because Germany was a strong world power, other countries like Japan tried to model themselves after it. Also, because Germany was unified it became a strong military force which helped Germany to win WWI and to start WWII. NEB (602 Spodek)

Giuseppe Mazzini Did What? Lived around 1831 Provided a vision for Italian unification Founded a secret association called Young Italy Joined by the prime minister of Sardinia So What? Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian nationalist. He dedicated his life to revolutionizing Italy. He wrote many books which inspired his followers to revolt across the country. Because of Mazzini, Italy became more modernized in technology and government. NEB (602 Spodek)

Camillo Cavour Did What Lived around 1831 Was the prime minister of Sardinia Helped Italy become unified Formed alliances with Napolean III against Austria Assisted Gieussepe Mazzini So what? Camillo Cavour made important alliances with Napolean to help secure Italy’s future. He also was important in the overall unification of Italy because he Gieussepe Mazzini unify different parts of Italy. (602 Spodek)NEB

Industrial Revolution Source of Materials Trade Military Bases Humanitarian Reasons Social & Economic Opportunities Why did Europeans colonize the world Criminal Colonies Converting other peoples European Nationalism European Racism “White Man’s Burden” Social Darwinism

Berlin Conference (1885) Industrial Revolution ( ) -Started Nationalism, Imperialism, etc. Congress of Vienna ( ) Meiji Restoration ( ) Opium Wars ( and ) Unification of Germany and Italy ( ) Russo-Japanese War ( ) Timeline of Nationalism, Imperialism and Colonization A.Amis

Why was trade alone, not enough for the Industrial Revolution and Imperialism? The Industrial Revolution brought on: – Imperialism and the need for resources and new land. This need, sparked European exploration and colonization of the world. –Competition among nations also played a key part in the “quest for power.” (626 Spodek) A.Amis

Why didn’t China Keep Up with Western European Powers? Europe surpassed china economically and militarily in the mid 14 th century because: 1.China began to fill up with resources and people so, commerce with the outside world decreased. 2.Philosophy became introspective, less concerned with engaging practical problems. 3.Most of the gains that china received were eaten up by the growing population. They were in a “Quantitative growth, qualitative standstill.” (479 Spodek) A.Amis

Why didn’t Europe end up on the same path as China? Europe was going in the same direction as China: “Labor intensive with few incentives and fewer resources to create innovations for improving productivity” but turned around after discovering more fossil fuels (coal) and the “New World.” The new world, with its uncharted lands and resources, served as a place to put their excess population, had very productive land, and great quantities of gold and silver. (479 Spodek) A.Amis

How did European Imperialism and Colonization in Africa compare to that in China? Imperialism in Africa had: –Direct colonies – Slavery/the slave trade – Covered a larger area. –Competition for power. Imperialism in China had: –Centralized government Large population –Opium trade –Very little technology They refused “modernization” –European powers didn’t fight each other for it. ( Spodek) A.Amis