The Early Cold War: The Early Cold War: Thanks to Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

Unit 8: The Cold War

EQ: How did countries seek to create a lasting peace after WWII and what are the goals of the United Nations?

Review Who were the Allies in WWII? (Big Three) Who were the Axis Powers in WWII? What caused Japan to surrender? What were the Nuremberg Trials? What happened to Germany after WWII? How did U.S. occupation of Japan change their government, society, and economy?

Post-War Europe Devastated by war, 60 million dead (2/3 civilians) Cities destroyed, famine, and disease People desire stability, peace, and leadership

Review – Failure of Post-WWI Germany is severely punished –Economy is weak; rise of the Nazis Creation of League of Nations - weak Dictators and Aggression throughout Europe

Need to avoid same mistakes made after WWI

Allies Debate Post-War World 1945 to discuss post-war plans: –Germany, reparations, and the formation of international organizations

New International Goals Avoid war, famine, atrocities, etc… Promote peace, security, stability, tolerance, and human rights

How do we achieve this? By creating international organizations where countries can cooperate and help one another

United Nations Think of it as a congress for countries around the world Diplomacy first – talk out your issues before jumping into war Promote peace and stability 193 countries are members as of 2013

Security Council This is the leadership branch of the UN The permanent members of the Security Council have veto power –U.S., Russia, France, Great Britain, and China (winners of WWII)

World Health Organization Researches and fights off diseases Promotes public health around the world

World Bank Goal: fight poverty and increase the standard of living Provides loans and investments to countries –Schools, electricity, disease control